महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-279, verse-17

कदाचित्सुकृतं तात कूटस्थमिव तिष्ठति ।
मज्जमानस्य संसारे यावद्दुःखाद्विमुच्यते ॥१७॥

17. kadācitsukṛtaṁ tāta kūṭasthamiva tiṣṭhati ,
majjamānasya saṁsāre yāvadduḥkhādvimucyate.

17. kadācit sukṛtam tāta kūṭastham iva tiṣṭhati
majjamānasya saṃsāre yāvat duḥkhāt vimucyate

17. tāta kadācit sukṛtam kūṭastham iva tiṣṭhati
saṃsāre majjamānasya yāvat duḥkhāt vimucyate

17. Sometimes, dear son, a good deed (sukṛta) remains as if immutable, for a person immersed in the cycle of transmigration (saṃsāra), until they are freed from sorrow.

Words meanings summery:

• कदाचित् (kadācit) - sometimes (sometimes, at some time, perhaps)

• सुकृतम् (sukṛtam) - a good deed (sukṛta) (good deed, virtuous act, well done)

• तात (tāta) - dear son (dear son, dear father, my dear)

• कूटस्थम् (kūṭastham) - as if immutable (immovable, unchanging, immutable, fixed (like an anvil))

• इव (iva) - as if (like, as, as it were)

• तिष्ठति (tiṣṭhati) - remains (stands, remains, abides)

• मज्जमानस्य (majjamānasya) - for a person immersed (of one sinking, of one immersed)

• संसारे (saṁsāre) - in the cycle of transmigration (saṃsāra) (in transmigration, in the cycle of rebirth (saṃsāra))

• यावत् (yāvat) - until (as long as, until, as much as)

• दुःखात् (duḥkhāt) - from sorrow (from sorrow, from suffering, from pain)

• विमुच्यते (vimucyate) - is freed (is freed, is liberated, is released)

Words meanings and morphology

कदाचित् (kadācit) - sometimes (sometimes, at some time, perhaps)

(indeclinable)

From 'kadā' (when) + 'cit' (particle).

सुकृतम् (sukṛtam) - a good deed (sukṛta) (good deed, virtuous act, well done)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of sukṛta

sukṛta - good deed, virtuous act, well done

Past Passive Participle (used as noun)

From 'su' (good) + root 'kṛ' (to do), suffix '-ta'.

Compound type : karmadhāraya (su+kṛta)

• su – good, well, excellent
  indeclinable
  Prefix meaning 'good' or 'well'.
• kṛta – done, made, acted
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root 'kṛ' (to do), past passive participle suffix '-ta'.
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Subject of 'tiṣṭhati'.

तात (tāta) - dear son (dear son, dear father, my dear)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of tāta

tāta - dear son, dear father, my dear (term of address)

Vocative case, often used affectionately to address a junior or an equal.

कूटस्थम् (kūṭastham) - as if immutable (immovable, unchanging, immutable, fixed (like an anvil))

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of kūṭastha

kūṭastha - standing on a heap, fixed, immovable, unchanging, immutable (e.g., the Ātman)

Compound of 'kūṭa' (heap, anvil, peak) and 'stha' (standing).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kūṭa+stha)

• kūṭa – peak, heap, anvil, falsehood
  noun (masculine)
• stha – standing, situated, existing
  adjective (masculine)
  kṛt suffix
  From root 'sthā' (to stand), suffix '-a'.
  Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'sukṛtam', used here adverbially or predicatively.

इव (iva) - as if (like, as, as it were)

(indeclinable)

तिष्ठति (tiṣṭhati) - remains (stands, remains, abides)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of sthā

Present Active

3rd person singular, present tense, active voice. From root 'sthā', class 1.

Root: sthā (class 1)

मज्जमानस्य (majjamānasya) - for a person immersed (of one sinking, of one immersed)

(participle)

Genitive, masculine, singular of majjamāna

majjamāna - sinking, drowning, immersing oneself

Present Middle Participle

From root 'majj' (to sink, plunge), present middle participle suffix '-māna'. Genitive singular masculine.

Root: majj (class 6)

संसारे (saṁsāre) - in the cycle of transmigration (saṃsāra) (in transmigration, in the cycle of rebirth (saṃsāra))

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of saṃsāra

saṁsāra - cycle of rebirth, transmigration, worldly existence

From 'sam-sṛ' root.

Prefix: sam

Root: sṛ (class 1)

यावत् (yāvat) - until (as long as, until, as much as)

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjunction indicating extent or duration.

दुःखात् (duḥkhāt) - from sorrow (from sorrow, from suffering, from pain)

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of duḥkha

duḥkha - sorrow, suffering, pain, misery

Note: Governed by 'vimucyate'.

विमुच्यते (vimucyate) - is freed (is freed, is liberated, is released)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present (laṭ) of vimuc

Present Passive

3rd person singular, present tense, passive voice. From root 'muc' (to release) with prefix 'vi'. The passive form is often reflexive meaning 'to free oneself' or 'to be freed'.

Prefix: vi

Root: muc (class 6)