महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-266, verse-13

तदेतदुपशान्तेन बोद्धव्यं शुचिकर्मणा ।
योगदोषान्समुच्छिद्य पञ्च यान्कवयो विदुः ॥१३॥

13. tadetadupaśāntena boddhavyaṁ śucikarmaṇā ,
yogadoṣānsamucchidya pañca yānkavayo viduḥ.

13. tat etat upaśāntena boddhavyam śucikarmaṇā
yogadoṣān samucchidya pañca yān kavayaḥ viduḥ

13. etat tat upaśāntena śucikarmaṇā boddhavyam
yān pañca yogadoṣān kavayaḥ viduḥ samucchidya

13. This (truth) should be understood by one who is tranquil and whose actions are pure, having completely eliminated the five impediments (doṣa) to yoga (yoga) that the wise know.

Words meanings summery:

• तत् (tat) - refers to the ultimate truth or principle mentioned in previous verses. (that, it)

• एतत् (etat) - refers to the ultimate truth or principle mentioned in previous verses. (this, this (here))

• उपशान्तेन (upaśāntena) - by a tranquil one, by one who is calmed

• बोद्धव्यम् (boddhavyam) - should be known, should be understood, is to be realized

• शुचिकर्मणा (śucikarmaṇā) - by one of pure actions, by one whose deeds are clean

• योगदोषान् (yogadoṣān) - specific obstacles encountered in the practice of yoga. (the faults of yoga, the impediments to yoga)

• समुच्छिद्य (samucchidya) - having completely cut off, having eliminated

• पञ्च (pañca) - five

• यान् (yān) - refers to the 'yogadoṣān'. (which, whom)

• कवयः (kavayaḥ) - the wise ones, seers, poets

• विदुः (viduḥ) - they know, they have known

Words meanings and morphology

तत् (tat) - refers to the ultimate truth or principle mentioned in previous verses. (that, it)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, it

Note: Often paired with 'etat' for emphasis.

एतत् (etat) - refers to the ultimate truth or principle mentioned in previous verses. (this, this (here))

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of etad

etad - this, this (here)

Note: Often paired with 'tat' for emphasis.

उपशान्तेन (upaśāntena) - by a tranquil one, by one who is calmed

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of upaśānta

upaśānta - calm, tranquil, pacified, quieted

Past Passive Participle

Derived from upa-√śam + kta

Prefix: upa

Root: śam (class 4)

Note: Used substantively here.

बोद्धव्यम् (boddhavyam) - should be known, should be understood, is to be realized

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of boddhavya

boddhavya - to be known, to be understood, comprehensible

Gerundive

Derived from √budh + tavya

Root: budh (class 1)

Note: It functions as the predicate in a passive construction.

शुचिकर्मणा (śucikarmaṇā) - by one of pure actions, by one whose deeds are clean

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of śucikarman

śucikarman - one whose actions are pure, having pure deeds

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (śuci+karman)

• śuci – pure, clean, holy
  adjective
• karman – action, deed, work, ritual action (karma)
  noun (neuter)
  Derived from √kṛ + manin
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Used substantively.

योगदोषान् (yogadoṣān) - specific obstacles encountered in the practice of yoga. (the faults of yoga, the impediments to yoga)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of yogadoṣa

yogadoṣa - fault of yoga, impediment to yoga

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (yoga+doṣa)

• yoga – union, spiritual discipline, joining (yoga)
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from √yuj + ghañ
  Root: yuj (class 7)
• doṣa – fault, defect, vice, impediment
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from √duṣ + a
  Root: duṣ (class 4)

समुच्छिद्य (samucchidya) - having completely cut off, having eliminated

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Derived from sam-ud-√chid + Lyap

Prefixes: sam+ud

Root: chid (class 7)

Note: This is an absolutive, indicating an action completed before the main verb.

पञ्च (pañca) - five

(indeclinable)

Note: It is an indeclinable numeral.

यान् (yān) - refers to the 'yogadoṣān'. (which, whom)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of yad

yad - which, what, who

Note: Relative pronoun referring to 'yogadoṣān'.

कवयः (kavayaḥ) - the wise ones, seers, poets

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of kavi

kavi - wise man, sage, seer, poet

विदुः (viduḥ) - they know, they have known

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (lit) of vid

Perfect tense, active voice

3rd person plural, perfect tense (lit), active voice, Parasmaipada (from √vid, class 2 Adādi)

Root: vid (class 2)

Note: This is a perfect tense form used with a present meaning.