महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-265, verse-20

सर्वत्यागे च यतते दृष्ट्वा लोकं क्षयात्मकम् ।
ततो मोक्षाय यतते नानुपायादुपायतः ॥२०॥

20. sarvatyāge ca yatate dṛṣṭvā lokaṁ kṣayātmakam ,
tato mokṣāya yatate nānupāyādupāyataḥ.

20. sarvatyāge ca yatate dṛṣṭvā lokam kṣayātmakam
| tataḥ mokṣāya yatate na anupāyāt upāyataḥ

20. ca lokam kṣayātmakam dṛṣṭvā sarvatyāge yatate
tataḥ mokṣāya upāyataḥ yatate na anupāyāt

20. And having recognized the world as inherently transient and perishable, he strives for the complete renunciation of everything. Consequently, he endeavors for final liberation (mokṣa), doing so by appropriate methods, not by unsuitable ones.

Words meanings summery:

• सर्वत्यागे (sarvatyāge) - in the renunciation of everything, in abandoning all

• च (ca) - and

• यतते (yatate) - strives, endeavors, exerts oneself

• दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen, having perceived

• लोकम् (lokam) - the world, universe, people

• क्षयात्मकम् (kṣayātmakam) - perishable, of a decaying nature, prone to destruction

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereupon, from that

• मोक्षाय (mokṣāya) - for liberation (mokṣa), for release

• यतते (yatate) - strives, endeavors, exerts oneself

• न (na) - not

• अनुपायात् (anupāyāt) - by improper means, by wrong methods

• उपायतः (upāyataḥ) - by proper means, by right methods

Words meanings and morphology

सर्वत्यागे (sarvatyāge) - in the renunciation of everything, in abandoning all

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of sarvatyāga

sarvatyāga - renunciation of everything, complete abandonment

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (sarva+tyāga)

• sarva – all, every, whole
  pronoun (masculine)
• tyāga – abandonment, renunciation, sacrifice
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root tyaj (to abandon).
  Root: tyaj (class 1)

Note: Indicates the sphere or object of striving.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjunction.

यतते (yatate) - strives, endeavors, exerts oneself

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of yat

present middle

Present middle 3rd person singular from root yat (class 1, ātmanepada).

Root: yat (class 1)

Note: Used twice in the verse, once for renunciation and once for liberation.

दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen, having perceived

(indeclinable)

absolutive

Derived from root dṛś (class 1) with suffix -tvā.

Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: Absolutive (gerund) indicates an action completed before the main verb.

लोकम् (lokam) - the world, universe, people

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of loka

loka - world, realm, people, universe

Root: lok (class 1)

Note: Direct object of dṛṣṭvā.

क्षयात्मकम् (kṣayātmakam) - perishable, of a decaying nature, prone to destruction

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of kṣayātmaka

kṣayātmaka - perishable, having the nature of decay or destruction

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kṣaya+ātmaka)

• kṣaya – decay, destruction, perishing
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root kṣi (to decay, destroy).
  Root: kṣi (class 1)
• ātmaka – consisting of, having the nature of
  adjective (masculine)
  Suffix -ātmaka is often added to nouns to form adjectives meaning 'consisting of' or 'having the nature of'.

Note: Agrees with "lokam".

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereupon, from that

(indeclinable)

Note: Adverb of time or consequence.

मोक्षाय (mokṣāya) - for liberation (mokṣa), for release

(noun)

Dative, masculine, singular of mokṣa

mokṣa - liberation, release, emancipation from saṃsāra

Derived from root muc (to release) with suffix -sa.

Root: muc (class 6)

Note: Indicates the purpose or aim of striving.

यतते (yatate) - strives, endeavors, exerts oneself

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of yat

present middle

Present middle 3rd person singular from root yat (class 1, ātmanepada).

Root: yat (class 1)

Note: Same as above.

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

Note: Negation particle.

अनुपायात् (anupāyāt) - by improper means, by wrong methods

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of anupāya

anupāya - improper means, wrong method

Derived from upāya (means, method) with negative prefix a- and verbal prefix anu- (though anu here acts more like a part of the noun). More simply, a- + upāya.

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+upāya)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix.
• upāya – means, method, resource
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root i (to go) with prefix upa-.
  Prefix: upa
  Root: i (class 2)

Note: Indicates means (ablative often implies 'from' but also 'by').

उपायतः (upāyataḥ) - by proper means, by right methods

(indeclinable)

Derived from root i (to go) with prefix upa-.

Prefix: upa

Root: i (class 2)

Note: Ablative-like adverbial suffix -tas, meaning "by means of".