महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-265, verse-22

एतत्ते कथितं तात यन्मां त्वं परिपृच्छसि ।
पापं धर्मं तथा मोक्षं निर्वेदं चैव भारत ॥२२॥

22. etatte kathitaṁ tāta yanmāṁ tvaṁ paripṛcchasi ,
pāpaṁ dharmaṁ tathā mokṣaṁ nirvedaṁ caiva bhārata.

22. etat te kathitam tāta yat mām tvam paripṛcchasi
pāpam dharmam tathā mokṣam nirvedam ca eva bhārata

22. tāta bhārata,
tvam yat mām pāpam dharmam tathā mokṣam ca eva nirvedam paripṛcchasi,
etat te kathitam.

22. O dear one (tāta), O descendant of Bhārata (Bhārata), this has been explained to you, which you asked me about: sin, the natural law (dharma), liberation (mokṣa), and also dispassion (nirveda).

Words meanings summery:

• एतत् (etat) - this (referring to the explanation given) (this, this one)

• ते (te) - to you (addressed to Bhārata) (to you, for you)

• कथितम् (kathitam) - has been told (told, said, narrated)

• तात (tāta) - dear one (an affectionate form of address, here likely from Bhīṣma to Yudhiṣṭhira) (father, dear one, sir)

• यत् (yat) - which (referring to the preceding statement) (which, that)

• माम् (mām) - me (referring to the speaker, Bhīṣma) (me, to me)

• त्वम् (tvam) - you (referring to Yudhiṣṭhira) (you)

• परिपृच्छसि (paripṛcchasi) - you inquire about (these topics) (you ask, you inquire)

• पापम् (pāpam) - sin (sin, evil, wrongdoing)

• धर्मम् (dharmam) - the natural law (dharma) (righteousness, virtue, duty, law, intrinsic nature)

• तथा (tathā) - and (connecting the list of topics) (thus, so, and, likewise)

• मोक्षम् (mokṣam) - liberation (mokṣa) (liberation, emancipation, release)

• निर्वेदम् (nirvedam) - dispassion (nirveda) (dispassion, detachment, aversion)

• च (ca) - and (connecting the last item in the list) (and)

• एव (eva) - indeed, also (emphasizing inclusion) (only, indeed, just)

• भारत (bhārata) - O descendant of Bharata (addressed to Yudhiṣṭhira) (O descendant of Bharata, O Indian)

Words meanings and morphology

एतत् (etat) - this (referring to the explanation given) (this, this one)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of etad

etad - this, this one

Note: Refers to the explanation given regarding sin, dharma, mokṣa, and nirveda.

ते (te) - to you (addressed to Bhārata) (to you, for you)

(pronoun)

Dative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

Note: Alternative form for dative singular of 'yuṣmad'.

कथितम् (kathitam) - has been told (told, said, narrated)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kathita

kathita - told, said

Past Passive Participle

Derived from verb root 'kath' (to speak, tell) with suffix 'kta'.

Root: kath (class 10)

Note: Used impersonally here, 'it has been told'.

तात (tāta) - dear one (an affectionate form of address, here likely from Bhīṣma to Yudhiṣṭhira) (father, dear one, sir)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of tāta

tāta - father, dear one

यत् (yat) - which (referring to the preceding statement) (which, that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of yad

yad - which, that

Note: Functions as a relative pronoun, referring to 'etat'.

माम् (mām) - me (referring to the speaker, Bhīṣma) (me, to me)

(pronoun)

Accusative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, me

त्वम् (tvam) - you (referring to Yudhiṣṭhira) (you)

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

परिपृच्छसि (paripṛcchasi) - you inquire about (these topics) (you ask, you inquire)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of paripracch

Prefix: pari

Root: prach (class 6)

पापम् (pāpam) - sin (sin, evil, wrongdoing)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of pāpa

pāpa - sin, evil, bad

धर्मम् (dharmam) - the natural law (dharma) (righteousness, virtue, duty, law, intrinsic nature)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of dharma

dharma - righteousness, duty, law, intrinsic nature, constitution

Derived from root 'dhṛ' (to uphold, support).

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

तथा (tathā) - and (connecting the list of topics) (thus, so, and, likewise)

(indeclinable)

मोक्षम् (mokṣam) - liberation (mokṣa) (liberation, emancipation, release)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of mokṣa

mokṣa - liberation, emancipation, release

Derived from root 'muc' (to release, free).

Root: muc (class 6)

निर्वेदम् (nirvedam) - dispassion (nirveda) (dispassion, detachment, aversion)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of nirveda

nirveda - dispassion, detachment, aversion, despondency

Derived from 'nir' (without) + 'vid' (to know, perceive).

Prefix: nis

Root: vid (class 2)

च (ca) - and (connecting the last item in the list) (and)

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - indeed, also (emphasizing inclusion) (only, indeed, just)

(indeclinable)

Note: Often used for emphasis or inclusion.

भारत (bhārata) - O descendant of Bharata (addressed to Yudhiṣṭhira) (O descendant of Bharata, O Indian)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of bhārata

bhārata - descendant of Bharata, relating to Bharata, Indian

Patronymic from Bharata.