महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-265, verse-17

शब्दे स्पर्शे तथा रूपे रसे गन्धे च भारत ।
प्रभुत्वं लभते जन्तुर्धर्मस्यैतत्फलं विदुः ॥१७॥

17. śabde sparśe tathā rūpe rase gandhe ca bhārata ,
prabhutvaṁ labhate janturdharmasyaitatphalaṁ viduḥ.

17. śabde sparśe tathā rūpe rase gandhe ca bhārata
prabhutvam labhate jantuḥ dharmasya etat phalam viduḥ

17. bhārata jantuḥ śabde sparśe tathā rūpe rase gandhe
ca prabhutvam labhate etat dharmasya phalam viduḥ

17. O Bhārata, a living being attains mastery over sound, touch, form, taste, and smell. Sages know this to be the fruition of natural law (dharma).

Words meanings summery:

• शब्दे (śabde) - referring to the sense object of hearing (sound) (in sound, concerning sound)

• स्पर्शे (sparśe) - referring to the sense object of touch (tactile sensation) (in touch, concerning touch)

• तथा (tathā) - connects the list of sense objects (so, thus, and, also)

• रूपे (rūpe) - referring to the sense object of sight (form or color) (in form, in appearance)

• रसे (rase) - referring to the sense object of taste (flavor) (in taste, in essence, in juice)

• गन्धे (gandhe) - referring to the sense object of smell (odor) (in smell, in fragrance)

• च (ca) - connects the preceding and following elements (and)

• भारत (bhārata) - an address to a revered figure, typically Yudhiṣṭhira or Arjuna in epic narratives (O descendant of Bharata, O Indian)

• प्रभुत्वम् (prabhutvam) - control or supremacy over the senses and their objects (mastery, dominion, lordship, sovereignty)

• लभते (labhate) - acquires or achieves (obtains, gains, receives)

• जन्तुः (jantuḥ) - an individual living being or person (creature, living being, man)

• धर्मस्य (dharmasya) - pertaining to the natural law (dharma) (of natural law, of righteousness)

• एतत् (etat) - referring to the previously mentioned attainment of mastery over the senses (this, this (neuter))

• फलम् (phalam) - the beneficial outcome or reward (of natural law) (fruit, result, consequence, reward)

• विदुः (viduḥ) - wise persons or authoritative sources recognize this (as the fruit of dharma) (they know, they understand)

Words meanings and morphology

शब्दे (śabde) - referring to the sense object of hearing (sound) (in sound, concerning sound)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of śabda

śabda - sound, word

Root: śabd (class 1)

स्पर्शे (sparśe) - referring to the sense object of touch (tactile sensation) (in touch, concerning touch)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of sparśa

sparśa - touch, contact

Derived from √spṛś

Root: spṛś (class 6)

तथा (tathā) - connects the list of sense objects (so, thus, and, also)

(indeclinable)

रूपे (rūpe) - referring to the sense object of sight (form or color) (in form, in appearance)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of rūpa

rūpa - form, shape, appearance, beauty

Root: rūp (class 1)

रसे (rase) - referring to the sense object of taste (flavor) (in taste, in essence, in juice)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of rasa

rasa - taste, flavor, juice, essence

Root: ras (class 1)

गन्धे (gandhe) - referring to the sense object of smell (odor) (in smell, in fragrance)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of gandha

gandha - smell, odor, fragrance

Root: gandh (class 1)

च (ca) - connects the preceding and following elements (and)

(indeclinable)

भारत (bhārata) - an address to a revered figure, typically Yudhiṣṭhira or Arjuna in epic narratives (O descendant of Bharata, O Indian)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of bhārata

bhārata - descendant of Bharata, related to Bharata

Root: bhṛ (class 1)

प्रभुत्वम् (prabhutvam) - control or supremacy over the senses and their objects (mastery, dominion, lordship, sovereignty)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of prabhutva

prabhutva - mastery, dominion, lordship

Derived from prabhu + -tva (suffix for abstract noun)

Root: bhū (class 1)

लभते (labhate) - acquires or achieves (obtains, gains, receives)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present indicative (laṭ) of labh

present indicative

Root: labh (class 1)

जन्तुः (jantuḥ) - an individual living being or person (creature, living being, man)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of jantu

jantu - creature, living being, man

Derived from √jan

Root: jan (class 4)

धर्मस्य (dharmasya) - pertaining to the natural law (dharma) (of natural law, of righteousness)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of dharma

dharma - natural law, constitution, intrinsic nature, righteousness, duty, virtue

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

एतत् (etat) - referring to the previously mentioned attainment of mastery over the senses (this, this (neuter))

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of etad

etad - this

फलम् (phalam) - the beneficial outcome or reward (of natural law) (fruit, result, consequence, reward)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of phala

phala - fruit, result, consequence, reward

Root: phal (class 1)

विदुः (viduḥ) - wise persons or authoritative sources recognize this (as the fruit of dharma) (they know, they understand)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect indicative (lit) of vid

perfect indicative

Root in perfect tense (liṭ-lakāra), which often carries a present meaning, especially for this root. Pāṇini lists these forms under 'lit'.

Root: vid (class 2)