महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-265, verse-12

एवं भवति पापात्मा धर्मात्मानं तु मे शृणु ।
यथा कुशलधर्मा स कुशलं प्रतिपद्यते ॥१२॥

12. evaṁ bhavati pāpātmā dharmātmānaṁ tu me śṛṇu ,
yathā kuśaladharmā sa kuśalaṁ pratipadyate.

12. evam bhavati pāpātmā dharmātmānam tu me śṛṇu
yathā kuśaladharmā saḥ kuśalam pratipadyate

12. evam pāpātmā bhavati tu me dharmātmānam śṛṇu
yathā kuśaladharmā saḥ kuśalam pratipadyate

12. Such is a person of sinful character. Now, listen to me concerning a person whose nature (ātman) is rooted in natural law (dharma): how such a virtuous person, whose character (dharma) is righteous, attains welfare.

Words meanings summery:

• एवम् (evam) - thus, in this manner, so

• भवति (bhavati) - he/it becomes, exists, happens, is

• पापात्मा (pāpātmā) - one whose soul/self (ātman) is sinful, a sinful person, evil-minded

• धर्मात्मानम् (dharmātmānam) - the righteous soul, one whose nature (ātman) is natural law (dharma)

• तु (tu) - but, however, on the other hand

• मे (me) - from me (to me, from me, my)

• शृणु (śṛṇu) - listen! hear!

• यथा (yathā) - as, just as, in what manner

• कुशलधर्मा (kuśaladharmā) - one whose intrinsic nature (dharma) is auspicious/skillful, virtuous

• सः (saḥ) - he, that (person)

• कुशलम् (kuśalam) - welfare, auspiciousness, good fortune, well-being

• प्रतिपद्यते (pratipadyate) - he obtains, he attains, he experiences, he understands

Words meanings and morphology

एवम् (evam) - thus, in this manner, so

(indeclinable)

Adverb.

भवति (bhavati) - he/it becomes, exists, happens, is

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of bhū

present tense

Root `bhū` (1st class).

Root: bhū (class 1)

पापात्मा (pāpātmā) - one whose soul/self (ātman) is sinful, a sinful person, evil-minded

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pāpātman

pāpātman - having a sinful nature, evil-minded, sinful person

Compound.

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (pāpa+ātman)

• pāpa – sin, evil, bad
  noun (neuter)
• ātman – self, soul, spirit, essential nature
  noun (masculine)
  Root: an (class 2)

Note: Subject of `bhavati`.

धर्मात्मानम् (dharmātmānam) - the righteous soul, one whose nature (ātman) is natural law (dharma)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of dharmātman

dharmātman - one whose natural law (dharma) is inherent, righteous, virtuous, pious

Compound.

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (dharma+ātman)

• dharma – natural law, constitution, intrinsic nature, duty, righteousness, virtue
  noun (masculine)
  From root `dhṛ` (to uphold, support).
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)
• ātman – self, soul, spirit, essential nature
  noun (masculine)
  Root: an (class 2)

Note: Object of `śṛṇu`.

तु (tu) - but, however, on the other hand

(indeclinable)

Conjunction, introduces a contrast.

मे (me) - from me (to me, from me, my)

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of asmad

asmad - I, me

Enclitic form of `asmad` (first person pronoun). Can be dative, genitive, locative, or ablative. Here used as ablative (from me) or genitive (my). Context "listen to me".

Note: It can also be dative.

शृणु (śṛṇu) - listen! hear!

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of śru

imperative

Root `śru` (5th class).

Root: śru (class 5)

यथा (yathā) - as, just as, in what manner

(indeclinable)

Adverb of manner.

कुशलधर्मा (kuśaladharmā) - one whose intrinsic nature (dharma) is auspicious/skillful, virtuous

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kuśaladharman

kuśaladharman - one whose intrinsic nature (dharma) is good, virtuous, skillful

Compound.

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (kuśala+dharma)

• kuśala – well, skillful, auspicious, happy, healthy
  adjective (masculine/neuter)
• dharma – natural law, constitution, intrinsic nature, duty, righteousness, virtue
  noun (masculine)
  From root `dhṛ` (to uphold, support).
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)

Note: Subject of `pratipadyate`.

सः (saḥ) - he, that (person)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Nominative masculine singular of `tad`.

कुशलम् (kuśalam) - welfare, auspiciousness, good fortune, well-being

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of kuśala

kuśala - well, skillful, auspicious, happy, healthy (as noun: welfare, well-being)

Also an adjective. Here used as a noun.

Note: Also nominative singular neuter.

प्रतिपद्यते (pratipadyate) - he obtains, he attains, he experiences, he understands

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of pratipad

present tense

Root `pad` (4th class) with prefix `prati-`. Ātmanepada.

Prefix: prati

Root: pad (class 4)