महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-21, verse-19

एवं रुद्राः सवसवस्तथादित्याः परंतप ।
साध्या राजर्षिसंघाश्च धर्ममेतं समाश्रिताः ।
अप्रमत्तास्ततः स्वर्गं प्राप्ताः पुण्यैः स्वकर्मभिः ॥१९॥

19. evaṁ rudrāḥ savasavastathādityāḥ paraṁtapa ,
sādhyā rājarṣisaṁghāśca dharmametaṁ samāśritāḥ ,
apramattāstataḥ svargaṁ prāptāḥ puṇyaiḥ svakarmabhiḥ.

19. evam rudrāḥ savasavaḥ tathā ādityāḥ
paraṃtapa sādhyāḥ rājarṣisaṃghāḥ ca
dharmam etam samāśritāḥ apramattāḥ tataḥ
svargam prāptāḥ puṇyaiḥ svakarmabhiḥ

19. paraṃtapa evam rudrāḥ savasavaḥ tathā
ādityāḥ ca sādhyāḥ rājarṣisaṃghāḥ etam
dharmam samāśritāḥ apramattāḥ tataḥ
puṇyaiḥ svakarmabhiḥ svargam prāptāḥ

19. O scorcher of foes, in this very way, the Rudras along with the Vasus, as well as the Adityas and hosts of royal sages (rājarṣis), adopted this natural law (dharma). Being vigilant, they subsequently attained heaven through their own meritorious actions (karma).

Words meanings summery:

• एवम् (evam) - in this way (thus, in this way, indeed)

• रुद्राः (rudrāḥ) - the Rudras (the Rudras (a class of deities))

• सवसवः (savasavaḥ) - with the Vasus

• तथा (tathā) - and similarly (and, likewise, similarly)

• आदित्याः (ādityāḥ) - the Adityas (the Adityas (a class of deities))

• परंतप (paraṁtapa) - O scorcher of foes (vocative address to Arjuna) (O scorcher of foes)

• साध्याः (sādhyāḥ) - the Sadhyas (the Sadhyas (a class of celestial beings))

• राजर्षिसंघाः (rājarṣisaṁghāḥ) - hosts of royal sages (hosts of royal sages, groups of royal sages)

• च (ca) - and

• धर्मम् (dharmam) - this natural law (dharma) (natural law, constitution, duty, righteousness)

• एतम् (etam) - this

• समाश्रिताः (samāśritāḥ) - adopted, adhered to (resorted to, adopted, taken refuge in, dependent on)

• अप्रमत्ताः (apramattāḥ) - being vigilant (vigilant, careful, diligent, not careless)

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, subsequently (then, thence, therefore)

• स्वर्गम् (svargam) - heaven (heaven, paradise)

• प्राप्ताः (prāptāḥ) - attained (attained, reached, acquired)

• पुण्यैः (puṇyaiḥ) - by meritorious (by meritorious, by virtuous (deeds))

• स्वकर्मभिः (svakarmabhiḥ) - by their own actions (karma) (by their own actions/deeds)

Words meanings and morphology

एवम् (evam) - in this way (thus, in this way, indeed)

(indeclinable)

Note: Adverb.

रुद्राः (rudrāḥ) - the Rudras (the Rudras (a class of deities))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of rudra

rudra - a name of Shiva, a class of deities (often 11 or 33)

From root √rud (to cry, howl)

Root: rud (class 2)

Note: Subject of 'samāśritāḥ' and 'prāptāḥ'.

सवसवः (savasavaḥ) - with the Vasus

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of savasava

savasava - along with the Vasus

Bahuvrihi compound 'sa-vasu' with plural implication

Compound type : bahuvrihi (sa+vasu)

• sa – with, accompanied by
  indeclinable
• vasu – a class of eight deities, wealth, treasure
  proper noun (masculine)
  Root: vas (class 2)

Note: Qualifies 'Rudras'.

तथा (tathā) - and similarly (and, likewise, similarly)

(indeclinable)

आदित्याः (ādityāḥ) - the Adityas (the Adityas (a class of deities))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of āditya

āditya - son of Aditi, a class of solar deities (usually 12)

From Aditi + -ya (patronymic suffix)

परंतप (paraṁtapa) - O scorcher of foes (vocative address to Arjuna) (O scorcher of foes)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of paraṃtapa

paraṁtapa - tormenting or scorching enemies, scorcher of foes

Compound

Compound type : tatpurusha (param+tapa)

• para – other, enemy, supreme
  adjective (masculine)
• tapa – heat, penance, tormenting
  noun (masculine)
  From root √tap (to heat, torment)
  Root: tap (class 1)

Note: Vocative addressing Arjuna.

साध्याः (sādhyāḥ) - the Sadhyas (the Sadhyas (a class of celestial beings))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sādhya

sādhya - to be accomplished, practicable, a class of celestial beings

Gerundive

From root √sādh (to accomplish, succeed)

Root: sādh (class 5)

राजर्षिसंघाः (rājarṣisaṁghāḥ) - hosts of royal sages (hosts of royal sages, groups of royal sages)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of rājarṣisaṃgha

rājarṣisaṁgha - group/host of royal sages (Rājarṣis)

Tatpurusha compound

Compound type : tatpurusha (rājarṣi+saṃgha)

• rājarṣi – royal sage, a king who is also a sage
  noun (masculine)
  Compound: rāja + ṛṣi
• saṃgha – assembly, multitude, crowd, host, group
  noun (masculine)
  From sam- (together) + √han (to strike, collect)
  Prefix: sam
  Root: han (class 2)

Note: Subject of 'samāśritāḥ' and 'prāptāḥ'.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

धर्मम् (dharmam) - this natural law (dharma) (natural law, constitution, duty, righteousness)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of dharma

dharma - natural law, duty, righteousness, virtue, constitution, essential quality

From root √dhṛ (to hold, support, maintain)

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

Note: Object of 'samāśritāḥ'.

एतम् (etam) - this

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of etad

etad - this (demonstrative pronoun)

समाश्रिताः (samāśritāḥ) - adopted, adhered to (resorted to, adopted, taken refuge in, dependent on)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of samāśrita

samāśrita - resorted to, connected with, taken refuge in, dependent on, adhering to

Past Passive Participle

From sam- (together) + ā- (towards) + √śri (to resort to, lean on)

Prefixes: sam+ā

Root: śri (class 1)

Note: Predicate adjective for the various deities/sages.

अप्रमत्ताः (apramattāḥ) - being vigilant (vigilant, careful, diligent, not careless)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of apramatta

apramatta - not careless, vigilant, diligent, attentive

Past Passive Participle

Negative prefix 'a-' + pra- (forth) + √mad (to be exhilarated, neglect)

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+pramatta)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
• pramatta – careless, intoxicated, negligent
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From pra- (forth) + √mad (to be exhilarated, neglect)
  Prefix: pra
  Root: mad (class 4)

Note: Describes the subjects (deities/sages) at the time of attaining heaven.

ततः (tataḥ) - then, subsequently (then, thence, therefore)

(indeclinable)

Ablative of 'tad' functioning as an adverb.

स्वर्गम् (svargam) - heaven (heaven, paradise)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of svarga

svarga - heaven, paradise, abode of gods

From svar (light, heaven) + ga (going)

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Object of 'prāptāḥ'.

प्राप्ताः (prāptāḥ) - attained (attained, reached, acquired)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of prāpta

prāpta - attained, reached, obtained, acquired

Past Passive Participle

From pra- (forth) + √āp (to obtain)

Prefix: pra

Root: āp (class 5)

Note: Predicate adjective, verb 'to be' implied.

पुण्यैः (puṇyaiḥ) - by meritorious (by meritorious, by virtuous (deeds))

(adjective)

Instrumental, neuter, plural of puṇya

puṇya - good, virtuous, meritorious, sacred, pure

स्वकर्मभिः (svakarmabhiḥ) - by their own actions (karma) (by their own actions/deeds)

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, plural of svakarma

svakarma - one's own action, one's own duty

Compound

Compound type : tatpurusha (sva+karma)

• sva – own, one's own
  adjective
• karma – action, deed, work, ritual, fate, effect of action
  noun (neuter)
  From root √kṛ (to do, make)
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Means by means of their actions.