महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-194, verse-14

सर्पान्कुशाग्राणि तथोदपानं ज्ञात्वा मनुष्याः परिवर्जयन्ति ।
अज्ञानतस्तत्र पतन्ति मूढा ज्ञाने फलं पश्य यथा विशिष्टम् ॥१४॥

14. sarpānkuśāgrāṇi tathodapānaṁ; jñātvā manuṣyāḥ parivarjayanti ,
ajñānatastatra patanti mūḍhā; jñāne phalaṁ paśya yathā viśiṣṭam.

14. sarpān kuśāgrāṇi tathā udapānaṃ
jñātvā manuṣyāḥ parivarjayanti
ajñānatas tatra patanti mūḍhāḥ
jñāne phalaṃ paśya yathā viśiṣṭam

14. manuṣyāḥ sarpān kuśāgrāṇi tathā
udapānaṃ jñātvā parivarjayanti
mūḍhāḥ ajñānatas tatra patanti
yathā viśiṣṭam phalaṃ jñāne paśya

14. People, knowing about snakes, sharp kuśa grass tips, and wells, avoid them. But the deluded, out of ignorance, fall into them. Observe how distinct the outcome is when knowledge is present.

Words meanings summery:

• सर्पान् (sarpān) - snakes

• कुशाग्राणि (kuśāgrāṇi) - tips of kuśa grass, sharp points of kuśa grass

• तथा (tathā) - and, likewise, thus

• उदपानं (udapānaṁ) - well, cistern

• ज्ञात्वा (jñātvā) - having known, knowing

• मनुष्याः (manuṣyāḥ) - people, human beings

• परिवर्जयन्ति (parivarjayanti) - they avoid, they shun

• अज्ञानतस् (ajñānatas) - from ignorance, due to ignorance

• तत्र (tatra) - there, into them

• पतन्ति (patanti) - they fall

• मूढाः (mūḍhāḥ) - deluded ones, fools

• ज्ञाने (jñāne) - in knowledge, concerning knowledge

• फलं (phalaṁ) - fruit, result, outcome

• पश्य (paśya) - see, observe

• यथा (yathā) - just as, how

• विशिष्टम् (viśiṣṭam) - distinct, specific, excellent

Words meanings and morphology

सर्पान् (sarpān) - snakes

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of sarpa

sarpa - snake, serpent

कुशाग्राणि (kuśāgrāṇi) - tips of kuśa grass, sharp points of kuśa grass

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, plural of kuśāgra

kuśāgra - tip of kuśa grass

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kuśa+agra)

• kuśa – kuśa grass
  noun (masculine)
• agra – tip, front, end
  noun (neuter)

तथा (tathā) - and, likewise, thus

(indeclinable)

उदपानं (udapānaṁ) - well, cistern

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of udapāna

udapāna - well, cistern

ज्ञात्वा (jñātvā) - having known, knowing

(indeclinable)

Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: Indeclinable participle (absolutive/gerund)

मनुष्याः (manuṣyāḥ) - people, human beings

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of manuṣya

manuṣya - human, man, person

परिवर्जयन्ति (parivarjayanti) - they avoid, they shun

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present indicative (laṭ) of parivarjay

Causative stem from root vṛj with prefixes pari and vi

Prefixes: pari+vi

Root: vṛj (class 1)

अज्ञानतस् (ajñānatas) - from ignorance, due to ignorance

(indeclinable)

formed with negative prefix 'a-' and 'jñāna'

Note: Adverbial form with suffix -tas

तत्र (tatra) - there, into them

(indeclinable)

पतन्ति (patanti) - they fall

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present indicative (laṭ) of pat

Root: pat (class 1)

मूढाः (mūḍhāḥ) - deluded ones, fools

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of mūḍha

mūḍha - foolish, deluded, stupid; a fool

Past Passive Participle

from root muh

Root: muh (class 4)

ज्ञाने (jñāne) - in knowledge, concerning knowledge

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of jñāna

jñāna - knowledge, wisdom

फलं (phalaṁ) - fruit, result, outcome

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of phala

phala - fruit, result, consequence

पश्य (paśya) - see, observe

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of dṛś

Root: dṛś (class 1)

यथा (yathā) - just as, how

(indeclinable)

विशिष्टम् (viśiṣṭam) - distinct, specific, excellent

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of viśiṣṭa

viśiṣṭa - distinct, special, excellent, distinguished

Past Passive Participle

formed from root śiṣ with prefix vi-

Prefix: vi

Root: śiṣ (class 7)