महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-19, verse-25

यान्वयं नाभिजानीमः कस्ताञ्ज्ञातुमिहार्हति ।
एवं प्राज्ञान्सतश्चापि महतः शास्त्रवित्तमान् ॥२५॥

25. yānvayaṁ nābhijānīmaḥ kastāñjñātumihārhati ,
evaṁ prājñānsataścāpi mahataḥ śāstravittamān.

25. yān vayaṃ na abhijānīmaḥ kaḥ tān jñātum iha arhati
| evam prājñān sataḥ ca api mahataḥ śāstravittamān

25. vayam yān na abhijānīmaḥ,
kaḥ iha tān jñātum arhati? evam prājñān sataḥ ca api mahataḥ śāstravittamān

25. Those whom we ourselves do not truly know—who here is capable of knowing them? Indeed, how can one truly know such wise (prājña) and great individuals (sat) who are the foremost experts in scriptures?

Words meanings summery:

• यान् (yān) - those whom (whom (plural masculine accusative))

• वयम् (vayam) - we ourselves (we)

• न (na) - not (not, no)

• अभिजानीमः (abhijānīmaḥ) - we truly know, we recognize (we know, we recognize)

• कः (kaḥ) - who (who (nominative masculine singular))

• तान् (tān) - them (referring to the same people as 'yān') (them (accusative plural masculine))

• ज्ञातुम् (jñātum) - to know, to understand

• इह (iha) - here (in this context, implying 'among us') (here, in this world)

• अर्हति (arhati) - is capable, deserves (to know) (is able, is worthy, deserves)

• एवम् (evam) - indeed, in such a way (thus, in this manner, so)

• प्राज्ञान् (prājñān) - such wise (prājña) individuals (the wise, intelligent ones (accusative plural masculine))

• सतः (sataḥ) - existent, good, wise individuals (sat) (of the good, of the existent; existing, good, wise (accusative plural masculine or genitive singular))

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• अपि (api) - even, also (also, even)

• महतः (mahataḥ) - great individuals (great, mighty (accusative plural masculine or genitive singular masculine/neuter))

• शास्त्रवित्तमान् (śāstravittamān) - the foremost experts in scriptures (foremost experts in scriptures (accusative plural masculine))

Words meanings and morphology

यान् (yān) - those whom (whom (plural masculine accusative))

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of yad

yad - which, what, who, that

Relative pronoun.

Note: Object of 'abhijānīmaḥ'.

वयम् (vayam) - we ourselves (we)

(pronoun)

Nominative, plural of asmad

asmad - I, we

First person pronoun.

Note: Subject of 'abhijānīmaḥ'.

न (na) - not (not, no)

(indeclinable)

अभिजानीमः (abhijānīmaḥ) - we truly know, we recognize (we know, we recognize)

(verb)

1st person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of abhijānāti

Present tense

From abhi-√jñā (to know, recognize)

Prefix: abhi

Root: jñā (class 9)

कः (kaḥ) - who (who (nominative masculine singular))

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kim

kim - who, what, which

Interrogative pronoun.

Note: Subject of 'arhati'.

तान् (tān) - them (referring to the same people as 'yān') (them (accusative plural masculine))

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those

Demonstrative pronoun.

Note: Object of 'jñātum'.

ज्ञातुम् (jñātum) - to know, to understand

(indeclinable)

Infinitive

From √jñā (to know) + -tum suffix

Root: jñā (class 9)

इह (iha) - here (in this context, implying 'among us') (here, in this world)

(indeclinable)

Locative of idam.

अर्हति (arhati) - is capable, deserves (to know) (is able, is worthy, deserves)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of arhati

Present tense

From √arh (to deserve, to be able)

Root: arh (class 1)

एवम् (evam) - indeed, in such a way (thus, in this manner, so)

(indeclinable)

प्राज्ञान् (prājñān) - such wise (prājña) individuals (the wise, intelligent ones (accusative plural masculine))

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of prājña

prājña - wise, intelligent, knowing, a wise man

From pra-√jñā (to know well)

Prefix: pra

Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: Object of implied 'jñātum'.

सतः (sataḥ) - existent, good, wise individuals (sat) (of the good, of the existent; existing, good, wise (accusative plural masculine or genitive singular))

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of sat

sat - existing, good, virtuous, wise; an existent being, a good person

Present Active Participle

From √as (to be).

Root: as (class 2)

Note: Modifies 'prājñān'.

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects 'prājñān' and 'mahataḥ śāstravittamān'.

अपि (api) - even, also (also, even)

(indeclinable)

महतः (mahataḥ) - great individuals (great, mighty (accusative plural masculine or genitive singular masculine/neuter))

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of mahat

mahat - great, large, important, mighty

Note: Modifies 'prājñān' and 'śāstravittamān'.

शास्त्रवित्तमान् (śāstravittamān) - the foremost experts in scriptures (foremost experts in scriptures (accusative plural masculine))

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of śāstravittama

śāstravittama - most learned in scriptures, supreme expert in scriptures

Compound: śāstra (scripture) + vit (knower) + -tama (superlative suffix)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa with superlative (śāstra+vit)

• śāstra – scripture, treatise, rule
  noun (neuter)
• vit – knower, expert
  noun (masculine)
  From √vid (to know)
  Root: vid (class 2)

Note: Modifies 'prājñān'.