महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-130, verse-13

न वै सतां वृत्तमेतत्परिवादो न पैशुनम् ।
गुणानामेव वक्तारः सन्तः सत्सु युधिष्ठिर ॥१३॥

13. na vai satāṁ vṛttametatparivādo na paiśunam ,
guṇānāmeva vaktāraḥ santaḥ satsu yudhiṣṭhira.

13. na vai satām vṛttam etat parivādaḥ na paiśunam
guṇānām eva vaktāraḥ santaḥ satsu yudhiṣṭhira

13. yudhiṣṭhira etat parivādaḥ vai satām vṛttam na (asti) na
paiśunam (api) santaḥ satsu guṇānām eva vaktāraḥ (bhavanti)

13. Indeed, this slander (parivāda) is not the conduct of the virtuous, nor is backbiting. O Yudhishthira, good people (santaḥ) speak only of the virtues (guṇa) found among other good people (sat).

Words meanings summery:

• न (na) - not, no

• वै (vai) - indeed, certainly, surely, truly

• सताम् (satām) - of virtuous people (of the good, of the virtuous, of the existent ones)

• वृत्तम् (vṛttam) - conduct, behavior, occurrence, event

• एतत् (etat) - this

• परिवादः (parivādaḥ) - slander, censure, blame, defamation, criticism

• न (na) - not, no

• पैशुनम् (paiśunam) - backbiting, maliciousness, treachery, calumny

• गुणानाम् (guṇānām) - of good qualities, of virtues

• एव (eva) - only, just, indeed, certainly

• वक्तारः (vaktāraḥ) - speakers, declarers, those who speak

• सन्तः (santaḥ) - good people, virtuous ones, existent ones

• सत्सु (satsu) - among other good/virtuous people (among the good, among the virtuous, among the existent ones)

• युधिष्ठिर (yudhiṣṭhira) - O Yudhishthira (proper name)

Words meanings and morphology

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

वै (vai) - indeed, certainly, surely, truly

(indeclinable)

सताम् (satām) - of virtuous people (of the good, of the virtuous, of the existent ones)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of sat

sat - existent, good, virtuous, real, true

Present Active Participle

Participle of as (to be)

Root: as (class 2)

Note: Used substantively.

वृत्तम् (vṛttam) - conduct, behavior, occurrence, event

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of vṛtta

vṛtta - conduct, behavior, occurrence, event, that which has happened, existence

Past Passive Participle

From vṛt (to be, to exist, to turn)

Root: vṛt (class 1)

एतत् (etat) - this

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of etat

etat - this, that

Note: Agrees with 'vṛttam'.

परिवादः (parivādaḥ) - slander, censure, blame, defamation, criticism

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of parivāda

parivāda - slander, censure, blame, defamation, criticism

From pari- + vad (to speak)

Prefix: pari

Root: vad (class 1)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

पैशुनम् (paiśunam) - backbiting, maliciousness, treachery, calumny

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of paiśuna

paiśuna - backbiting, maliciousness, treachery, calumny, cruelty

From piśuna (malicious, cruel)

गुणानाम् (guṇānām) - of good qualities, of virtues

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of guṇa

guṇa - quality, virtue, good quality, attribute, excellence

एव (eva) - only, just, indeed, certainly

(indeclinable)

वक्तारः (vaktāraḥ) - speakers, declarers, those who speak

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vaktṛ

vaktṛ - speaker, declarer, orator, one who speaks

Agent noun

Formed with suffix -tṛ from root vac

Root: vac (class 2)

सन्तः (santaḥ) - good people, virtuous ones, existent ones

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sat

sat - existent, good, virtuous, real, true

Present Active Participle

Participle of as (to be)

Root: as (class 2)

Note: Used substantively, subject of the implied verb 'are'.

सत्सु (satsu) - among other good/virtuous people (among the good, among the virtuous, among the existent ones)

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, plural of sat

sat - existent, good, virtuous, real, true

Present Active Participle

Participle of as (to be)

Root: as (class 2)

Note: Used substantively.

युधिष्ठिर (yudhiṣṭhira) - O Yudhishthira (proper name)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of yudhiṣṭhira

yudhiṣṭhira - Yudhishthira (proper name, 'steady in battle')

Compound type : aluk-tatpuruṣa (yudhi+sthira)

• yudhi – in battle
  noun (feminine)
  Locative singular of yudh (battle)
• sthira – steady, firm, constant
  adjective (masculine)
  From sthā (to stand)
  Root: sthā (class 1)