महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-116, verse-18

यस्य नार्तो जनपदः संनिकर्षगतः सदा ।
अक्षुद्रः सत्पथालम्बी स राज्यफलभाग्भवेत् ॥१८॥

18. yasya nārto janapadaḥ saṁnikarṣagataḥ sadā ,
akṣudraḥ satpathālambī sa rājyaphalabhāgbhavet.

18. yasya na ārtaḥ janapadaḥ saṃnikarṣagataḥ sadā
akṣudraḥ satpathālambī sa rājyaphala-bhāg bhavet

18. yasya saṃnikarṣagataḥ janapadaḥ sadā ārtaḥ na,
sa akṣudraḥ satpathālambī rājyaphala-bhāg bhavet

18. A king whose people (janapada), even those in close proximity, are never distressed, and who is not petty but follows the good path (dharma), he truly partakes of the fruits of kingship.

Words meanings summery:

• यस्य (yasya) - whose, of whom, of which

• न (na) - not, no, nor

• आर्तः (ārtaḥ) - distressed, afflicted, suffering, pained

• जनपदः (janapadaḥ) - people, community, country, district, territory

• संनिकर्षगतः (saṁnikarṣagataḥ) - having come near, approached, in proximity

• सदा (sadā) - always, ever, perpetually, constantly

• अक्षुद्रः (akṣudraḥ) - not small, not mean, not petty, noble, great

• सत्पथालम्बी (satpathālambī) - following the good path, upholding natural law (dharma)

• स (sa) - that, he

• राज्यफल-भाग् (rājyaphala-bhāg) - partaker of the fruit of kingship, worthy of the rewards of rulership

• भवेत् (bhavet) - may be, should be, becomes

Words meanings and morphology

यस्य (yasya) - whose, of whom, of which

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine/neuter, singular of yad

yad - which, what, who

न (na) - not, no, nor

(indeclinable)

आर्तः (ārtaḥ) - distressed, afflicted, suffering, pained

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ārta

ārta - distressed, afflicted, suffering, pained

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root ṛ (to go, to move, to obtain, to suffer) with prefix ā

Prefix: ā

Root: ṛ (class 3)

जनपदः (janapadaḥ) - people, community, country, district, territory

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of janapada

janapada - people, community, country, district, territory

संनिकर्षगतः (saṁnikarṣagataḥ) - having come near, approached, in proximity

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of saṃnikarṣagata

saṁnikarṣagata - having come near, approached, in proximity

Compound of saṃnikarṣa (proximity) and gata (gone, reached)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (saṃnikarṣa+gata)

• saṃnikarṣa – proximity, nearness, vicinity
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root kṛṣ with prefixes sam and ni
  Prefixes: sam+ni
  Root: kṛṣ
• gata – gone, approached, arrived, obtained
  adjective (masculine/feminine/neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root gam (to go)
  Root: gam (class 1)

सदा (sadā) - always, ever, perpetually, constantly

(indeclinable)

अक्षुद्रः (akṣudraḥ) - not small, not mean, not petty, noble, great

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of akṣudra

akṣudra - not small, not mean, not petty, noble, great

Nañ-tatpuruṣa compound with 'a' (not) and 'kṣudra' (petty)

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+kṣudra)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
• kṣudra – small, tiny, mean, petty, insignificant
  adjective (masculine/feminine/neuter)

सत्पथालम्बी (satpathālambī) - following the good path, upholding natural law (dharma)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of satpathālambin

satpathālambin - following the good path, upholding righteousness

Compound of satpatha (good path) and ālambin (holding, supporting)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (satpatha+ālambin)

• satpatha – good path, right path, true path, natural law (dharma)
  noun (masculine)
  Compound of sat (good) and patha (path)
• ālambin – holding, supporting, leaning on, dependent on, following
  adjective (masculine/feminine/neuter)
  Derived from root lamb with prefix ā
  Prefix: ā
  Root: lamb (class 1)

स (sa) - that, he

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, it, he, she

राज्यफल-भाग् (rājyaphala-bhāg) - partaker of the fruit of kingship, worthy of the rewards of rulership

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rājyaphala-bhāj

rājyaphala-bhāj - partaker of the fruit of kingship, worthy of the rewards of rulership

Compound of rājyaphala (fruit of kingship) and bhāj (partaking)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (rājyaphala+bhāj)

• rājyaphala – fruit of kingship, reward of rule
  noun (neuter)
  Compound of rājya (kingship) and phala (fruit)
• bhāj – partaking, possessing, sharing
  adjective (masculine/feminine/neuter)
  Derived from root bhaj (to divide, to share, to partake)
  Root: bhaj (class 1)

भवेत् (bhavet) - may be, should be, becomes

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of bhū

Root: bhū (class 1)