महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-116, verse-10

त्वत्तः कुलहितं वाक्यं श्रुत्वा राज्यहितोदयम् ।
अमृतस्याव्ययस्येव तृप्तः स्वप्स्याम्यहं सुखम् ॥१०॥

10. tvattaḥ kulahitaṁ vākyaṁ śrutvā rājyahitodayam ,
amṛtasyāvyayasyeva tṛptaḥ svapsyāmyahaṁ sukham.

10. tvattaḥ kulahitam vākyam śrutvā rājyahitodayam
amṛtasya avyayasya iva tṛptaḥ svapsyāmi aham sukham

10. tvattaḥ kulahitam rājyahitodayam vākyam śrutvā,
amṛtasya avyayasya iva tṛptaḥ aham sukham svapsyāmi

10. Having heard from you words that are beneficial to the family and lead to the prosperity of the kingdom, I will sleep peacefully, satisfied as if by imperishable nectar.

Words meanings summery:

• त्वत्तः (tvattaḥ) - from you

• कुलहितम् (kulahitam) - beneficial to the family, conducive to family welfare

• वाक्यम् (vākyam) - word, statement, speech

• श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard

• राज्यहितोदयम् (rājyahitodayam) - leading to the prosperity of the kingdom, the rise of kingdom's welfare

• अमृतस्य (amṛtasya) - of nectar, of immortality

• अव्ययस्य (avyayasya) - of the imperishable, of the inexhaustible

• इव (iva) - like, as if

• तृप्तः (tṛptaḥ) - satisfied, contented, satiated

• स्वप्स्यामि (svapsyāmi) - I will sleep

• अहम् (aham) - I

• सुखम् (sukham) - peacefully (happily, comfortably, with ease)

Words meanings and morphology

त्वत्तः (tvattaḥ) - from you

(pronoun)

Ablative, singular of tvat

tvat - you

Note: Ablative case of the second person pronoun.

कुलहितम् (kulahitam) - beneficial to the family, conducive to family welfare

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of kulahita

kulahita - beneficial to the family, welfare of the family

Compound 'kula' (family) + 'hita' (beneficial).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kula+hita)

• kula – family, lineage, clan
  noun (neuter)
• hita – beneficial, good, placed, established
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root `dhā` (to place, hold), meaning 'placed, established', here 'beneficial'.
  Root: dhā (class 3)

Note: Qualifies 'vākyam'.

वाक्यम् (vākyam) - word, statement, speech

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vākya

vākya - speech, word, statement, sentence

Derived from root `vac` (to speak) with `ṇya` suffix.

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Object of 'śrutvā'.

श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Formed from root `śru` (to hear) with suffix `ktvā`.

Root: śru (class 5)

Note: Signifies a completed action prior to the main verb.

राज्यहितोदयम् (rājyahitodayam) - leading to the prosperity of the kingdom, the rise of kingdom's welfare

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of rājyahitodaya

rājyahitodaya - rise/prosperity of the kingdom's welfare

Compound: 'rājya' (kingdom) + 'hita' (welfare) + 'udaya' (rise/prosperity).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (rājya+hita+udaya)

• rājya – kingdom, kingship
  noun (neuter)
• hita – welfare, benefit, beneficial
  noun (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root `dhā` (to place, hold), meaning 'placed, established', here 'beneficial' or 'welfare'.
  Root: dhā (class 3)
• udaya – rise, prosperity, dawn, coming forth
  noun (masculine)
  From `ud-i` (to rise).
  Prefix: ud
  Root: i (class 2)

Note: Qualifies 'vākyam'.

अमृतस्य (amṛtasya) - of nectar, of immortality

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, singular of amṛta

amṛta - immortal, nectar, immortality

Past Passive Participle

Literally 'not dead' (a- + mṛta), hence immortal. Used metaphorically for 'nectar'.

Prefix: a

Root: mṛ (class 6)

Note: Possessive case, connected to the comparison with 'iva'.

अव्ययस्य (avyayasya) - of the imperishable, of the inexhaustible

(adjective)

Genitive, neuter, singular of avyaya

avyaya - imperishable, inexhaustible, immutable, indeclinable

From 'a-' (not) + 'vyaya' (perishable, spending).

Prefix: a

Root: vyay (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'amṛtasya'.

इव (iva) - like, as if

(indeclinable)

Particle of comparison.

Note: Introduces a simile.

तृप्तः (tṛptaḥ) - satisfied, contented, satiated

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tṛpta

tṛpta - satisfied, contented, satiated

Past Passive Participle

From root `tṛp` (to be satisfied) with `kta` suffix.

Root: tṛp (class 4)

Note: Refers to the implicit subject 'aham'.

स्वप्स्यामि (svapsyāmi) - I will sleep

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, future (lṛṭ) of svap

Future Tense, Active Voice, 1st Person Singular

From `√svap` (to sleep) + `syā` (future stem) + `mi` (1st sg ending).

Root: svap (class 2)

अहम् (aham) - I

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, we

Note: Subject of 'svapsyāmi'.

सुखम् (sukham) - peacefully (happily, comfortably, with ease)

(indeclinable)

Often used adverbially in neuter accusative singular.

Note: Adverb modifying 'svapsyāmi'.