महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-116, verse-1

युधिष्ठिर उवाच ।
पितामह महाप्राज्ञ संशयो मे महानयम् ।
स च्छेत्तव्यस्त्वया राजन्भवान्कुलकरो हि नः ॥१॥

1. yudhiṣṭhira uvāca ,
pitāmaha mahāprājña saṁśayo me mahānayam ,
sa cchettavyastvayā rājanbhavānkulakaro hi naḥ.

1. yudhiṣṭhiraḥ uvāca | pitāmaha mahāprājña saṃśayaḥ me mahān
ayam | saḥ chettavyaḥ tvayā rājan bhavān kulakaraḥ hi naḥ

1. yudhiṣṭhiraḥ uvāca – pitāmaha,
mahāprājña,
rājan! ayam mahān me saṃśayaḥ tvayā chettavyaḥ.
hi bhavān naḥ kulakaraḥ (asti).

1. Yudhishthira said: 'O Grandfather, O greatly wise one! This great doubt of mine must be dispelled by you, O King, for you are indeed the upholder of our family.'

Words meanings summery:

• युधिष्ठिरः (yudhiṣṭhiraḥ) - Yudhishthira (proper noun)

• उवाच (uvāca) - he said, he spoke

• पितामह (pitāmaha) - Refers to Bhīṣma. (O Grandfather)

• महाप्राज्ञ (mahāprājña) - Refers to Bhīṣma. (O greatly wise one)

• संशयः (saṁśayaḥ) - doubt, uncertainty

• मे (me) - my, of me

• महान् (mahān) - great, large, mighty

• अयम् (ayam) - this, he

• सः (saḥ) - (that doubt) - refers back to ayam mahān me saṃśayaḥ. (he, that)

• छेत्तव्यः (chettavyaḥ) - should be cut, should be dispelled, ought to be destroyed

• त्वया (tvayā) - by you

• राजन् (rājan) - Refers to Bhīṣma. (O King)

• भवान् (bhavān) - you (honorific)

• कुलकरः (kulakaraḥ) - upholder of the family, one who brings welfare to the family

• हि (hi) - indeed, for, because

• नः (naḥ) - our, of us

Words meanings and morphology

युधिष्ठिरः (yudhiṣṭhiraḥ) - Yudhishthira (proper noun)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yudhiṣṭhira

yudhiṣṭhira - Yudhishthira (proper name), firm in battle

Bahuvrīhi compound yudhi sthiraḥ (firm in battle).

Compound type : Bahuvrīhi (yudh+sthira)

• yudh – battle, war, fight
  noun (feminine)
  From root √yudh (to fight).
  Root: √yudh (class 4)
• sthira – firm, steady, stable
  adjective (masculine)
  From root √sthā (to stand).
  Root: √sthā (class 1)

Note: Subject of uvāca.

उवाच (uvāca) - he said, he spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (Lit) of √vac

Perfect active 3rd person singular

Irregular perfect form from root √vac (class 2).

Root: √vac (class 2)

पितामह (pitāmaha) - Refers to Bhīṣma. (O Grandfather)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of pitāmaha

pitāmaha - grandfather (father's father), great sire, progenitor

Tatpurusha compound: pitus mahan (great father).

Compound type : Tatpurusha (pitṛ+maha)

• pitṛ – father
  noun (masculine)
• maha – great, large, important
  adjective (masculine)
  Derived from mahat.

महाप्राज्ञ (mahāprājña) - Refers to Bhīṣma. (O greatly wise one)

(adjective)

Vocative, masculine, singular of mahāprājña

mahāprājña - greatly wise, very intelligent

Karmadhāraya compound: mahā (great) + prājña (wise).

Compound type : Karmadhāraya (mahā+prājña)

• mahā – great, large
  adjective (masculine)
  From mahat (great).
• prājña – wise, intelligent, knowing
  adjective (masculine)
  From pra + jña (knowing), root √jñā (to know).
  Prefix: pra
  Root: √jñā (class 9)

संशयः (saṁśayaḥ) - doubt, uncertainty

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of saṃśaya

saṁśaya - doubt, uncertainty, hesitation, apprehension

From sam + √śī (to lie, to doubt) or sam + √śi (to bind, connect).

Prefix: sam

Root: √śī (class 2)

मे (me) - my, of me

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of asmad

asmad - I, me

Enclitic form of asmad.

महान् (mahān) - great, large, mighty

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahat

mahat - great, large, mighty, considerable

Stem mahat, nominative singular masculine form.

अयम् (ayam) - this, he

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, these

Nominative singular masculine form of idam.

Note: Demonstrative pronoun.

सः (saḥ) - (that doubt) - refers back to ayam mahān me saṃśayaḥ. (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Demonstrative pronoun.

छेत्तव्यः (chettavyaḥ) - should be cut, should be dispelled, ought to be destroyed

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of chettavya

chettavya - to be cut, to be divided, to be dispelled, to be removed

Gerundive (N.V.P.)

From root √chid (to cut, class 7) + tavya suffix.

Root: √chid (class 7)

Note: Qualifies saṃśayaḥ.

त्वया (tvayā) - by you

(pronoun)

Instrumental, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

Instrumental singular form of yuṣmad.

राजन् (rājan) - Refers to Bhīṣma. (O King)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler, sovereign

n-stem noun.

Root: √rāj (class 1)

भवान् (bhavān) - you (honorific)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhavat

bhavat - you (honorific), being, existing

Present Active Participle

From root √bhū (to be, become, class 1) + śatṛ suffix. Used as a polite second-person pronoun.

Root: √bhū (class 1)

Note: Functions as the subject of the final clause.

कुलकरः (kulakaraḥ) - upholder of the family, one who brings welfare to the family

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kulakara

kulakara - upholder of the family, one who brings prosperity/welfare to the family, a family founder

Tatpurusha compound: kulasya karaḥ (doer for the family) or kulam karoti (one who makes the family).

Compound type : Tatpurusha (kula+kara)

• kula – family, lineage, clan, race
  noun (neuter)
• kara – doer, maker, performing, causing
  noun (masculine)
  From root √kṛ (to do, make).
  Root: √kṛ (class 8)

हि (hi) - indeed, for, because

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic particle.

नः (naḥ) - our, of us

(pronoun)

Genitive, plural of asmad

asmad - I, we

Enclitic form of asmad.

Note: Related to kulakaraḥ (our family's upholder).