महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-116, verse-17

समदुःखसुखा यस्य सहायाः सत्यकारिणः ।
अर्थचिन्तापरा यस्य स राज्यफलमश्नुते ॥१७॥

17. samaduḥkhasukhā yasya sahāyāḥ satyakāriṇaḥ ,
arthacintāparā yasya sa rājyaphalamaśnute.

17. samaduḥkhasukhāḥ yasya sahāyāḥ satyakāriṇaḥ
arthacintāparāḥ yasya saḥ rājyaphalam aśnute

17. yasya sahāyāḥ samaduḥkhasukhāḥ satyakāriṇaḥ arthacintāparāḥ yasya santi,
saḥ rājyaphalam aśnute

17. That ruler whose companions share equally in his joys and sorrows, are truthful in action, and are diligently concerned with financial matters, he truly enjoys the benefits of kingship.

Words meanings summery:

• समदुःखसुखाः (samaduḥkhasukhāḥ) - equal in pain and pleasure, sharing joy and sorrow equally

• यस्य (yasya) - whose, of which

• सहायाः (sahāyāḥ) - companions, allies, helpers, associates

• सत्यकारिणः (satyakāriṇaḥ) - truthful in action, acting with integrity (truthful, righteous, doers of truth)

• अर्थचिन्तापराः (arthacintāparāḥ) - devoted to economic matters, attentive to financial affairs

• यस्य (yasya) - whose, of which

• सः (saḥ) - he, that (person)

• राज्यफलम् (rājyaphalam) - the fruit of kingship, benefits of ruling

• अश्नुते (aśnute) - attains, reaches, enjoys, partakes of

Words meanings and morphology

समदुःखसुखाः (samaduḥkhasukhāḥ) - equal in pain and pleasure, sharing joy and sorrow equally

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of samaduḥkhasukha

samaduḥkhasukha - one for whom pain and pleasure are alike, indifferent to pain or pleasure, sharing equally in joy and sorrow

Compound of sama (equal), duḥkha (pain), sukha (pleasure).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (sama+duḥkha+sukha)

• sama – equal, same, uniform, impartial
  adjective (masculine)
• duḥkha – pain, sorrow, suffering, misery
  noun (neuter)
• sukha – pleasure, happiness, comfort, ease
  noun (neuter)

यस्य (yasya) - whose, of which

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of yad

yad - which, what, who

सहायाः (sahāyāḥ) - companions, allies, helpers, associates

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sahāya

sahāya - companion, helper, ally, associate

From saha (with) + ā (towards) + √i (to go) + a suffix. One who goes with another.

Prefixes: saha+ā

Root: i (class 2)

सत्यकारिणः (satyakāriṇaḥ) - truthful in action, acting with integrity (truthful, righteous, doers of truth)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of satyakārin

satyakārin - doer of truth, truthful, performing what is right

Compound of satya (truth) and kārin (doer).

Compound type : tatpurusha (satya+kārin)

• satya – truth, reality, real, true
  noun (neuter)
  From sat (being, existing, good) + ya suffix.
  Root: as (class 2)
• kārin – doer, maker, agent
  noun (masculine)
  Agent noun
  From √kṛ (to do, make) + in suffix.
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

अर्थचिन्तापराः (arthacintāparāḥ) - devoted to economic matters, attentive to financial affairs

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of arthacintāpara

arthacintāpara - devoted to the consideration of wealth/affairs, diligent in financial planning

Compound of artha (wealth, purpose), cintā (thought, care), para (devoted to).

Compound type : tatpurusha (artha+cintā+para)

• artha – aim, purpose, meaning, wealth, property, affair
  noun (masculine)
  From √ṛ (to go) + tha suffix.
  Root: ṛ (class 3)
• cintā – thought, consideration, care, anxiety
  noun (feminine)
  From √cit (to perceive, think) + ā suffix.
  Root: cit (class 1)
• para – devoted to, intent on, supreme, other
  adjective (masculine)

यस्य (yasya) - whose, of which

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of yad

yad - which, what, who

सः (saḥ) - he, that (person)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

राज्यफलम् (rājyaphalam) - the fruit of kingship, benefits of ruling

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of rājyaphala

rājyaphala - fruit of kingship, result of governing

Compound of rājya (kingship) and phala (fruit, result).

Compound type : tatpurusha (rājya+phala)

• rājya – kingship, sovereignty, kingdom
  noun (neuter)
  From √rāj (to rule) + ya suffix.
  Root: rāj (class 1)
• phala – fruit, result, consequence, reward
  noun (neuter)

अश्नुते (aśnute) - attains, reaches, enjoys, partakes of

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of aś

present tense

ātmanepada, 8th class verb

Root: aś (class 5)