महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-7, verse-4

यश्च कार्यार्थतत्त्वज्ञो जानमानो न भाषते ।
सोऽपि तेनैव पापेन लिप्यते नात्र संशयः ॥४॥

4. yaśca kāryārthatattvajño jānamāno na bhāṣate ,
so'pi tenaiva pāpena lipyate nātra saṁśayaḥ.

4. yaḥ ca kārya artha tattvajñaḥ jānamānaḥ na bhāṣate
saḥ api tena eva pāpena lipyate na atra saṃśayaḥ

4. And he who, knowing the true nature of a case, does not speak, he too is tainted by that very sin. There is no doubt about this.

Words meanings summery:

• यः (yaḥ) - who, which

• च (ca) - and

• कार्यार्थतत्त्वज्ञः (kāryārthatattvajñaḥ) - one who knows the true nature of the matter/case

• जानमानः (jānamānaḥ) - knowing, perceiving

• न (na) - not, no

• भाषते (bhāṣate) - speaks, says

• सः (saḥ) - he, that (person)

• अपि (api) - also, even

• तेन (tena) - by that

• एव (eva) - only, certainly, indeed

• पापेन (pāpena) - by sin, by evil

• लिप्यते (lipyate) - is stained, is smeared, is tainted

• न (na) - not, no

• अत्र (atra) - here, in this matter

• संशयः (saṁśayaḥ) - doubt, uncertainty

Words meanings and morphology

यः (yaḥ) - who, which

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what (relative pronoun)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

कार्यार्थतत्त्वज्ञः (kāryārthatattvajñaḥ) - one who knows the true nature of the matter/case

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kāryārthatattvajña

kāryārthatattvajña - knowing the true nature of the business/case/purpose

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kārya+artha+tattva+jña)

• kārya – what is to be done, business, affair, duty
  noun (neuter)
  future passive participle (gerundive)
  from kṛ + ṇyaT
  Root: kṛ (class 8)
• artha – meaning, purpose, object, wealth
  noun (masculine)
• tattva – truth, reality, true nature, principle
  noun (neuter)
• jña – knower, knowing
  adjective/noun
  agent noun
  from root jñā
  Root: jñā (class 9)

जानमानः (jānamānaḥ) - knowing, perceiving

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of jānamāna

jānamāna - knowing, perceiving (present middle participle)

present middle participle

Root: jñā (class 9)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

भाषते (bhāṣate) - speaks, says

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of bhāṣ

Root: bhāṣ (class 1)

सः (saḥ) - he, that (person)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it (demonstrative pronoun)

अपि (api) - also, even

(indeclinable)

तेन (tena) - by that

(pronoun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it (demonstrative pronoun)

एव (eva) - only, certainly, indeed

(indeclinable)

पापेन (pāpena) - by sin, by evil

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of pāpa

pāpa - sin, evil, vice, wicked, bad

लिप्यते (lipyate) - is stained, is smeared, is tainted

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present (laṭ) of lip

Root: lip (class 6)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

अत्र (atra) - here, in this matter

(indeclinable)

संशयः (saṁśayaḥ) - doubt, uncertainty

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of saṃśaya

saṁśaya - doubt, uncertainty, suspicion