महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-149, verse-11

कुर्यान्न निन्दितं कर्म न नृशंसं कदाचन ।
इति पूर्वे महात्मान आपद्धर्मविदो विदुः ॥११॥

11. kuryānna ninditaṁ karma na nṛśaṁsaṁ kadācana ,
iti pūrve mahātmāna āpaddharmavido viduḥ.

11. kuryāt na ninditam karma na nṛśaṃsam kadācana
iti pūrve mahātmānaḥ āpaddharmavidaḥ viduḥ

11. One should never commit a blameworthy act (karma) nor an act of cruelty. This is what the ancient great souls (ātman), who understood the natural law (dharma) concerning emergencies, knew.

Words meanings summery:

• कुर्यात् (kuryāt) - one should do, one may do

• न (na) - not, no

• निन्दितम् (ninditam) - blamed, blameworthy, reproached

• कर्म (karma) - action, deed, work (karma)

• न (na) - not, no

• नृशंसम् (nṛśaṁsam) - cruel, wicked, evil

• कदाचन (kadācana) - never, at any time, ever

• इति (iti) - thus, in this manner, so

• पूर्वे (pūrve) - ancient, former, earlier

• महात्मानः (mahātmānaḥ) - great souls, great persons (ātman)

• आपद्धर्मविदः (āpaddharmavidaḥ) - knowers of the law of necessity, experts in the natural law (dharma) during calamities

• विदुः (viduḥ) - they knew, they understood

Words meanings and morphology

कुर्यात् (kuryāt) - one should do, one may do

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of kṛ

Optative mood, 3rd person singular, active voice

Optative mood form of the root kṛ

Root: kṛ (class 8)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

निन्दितम् (ninditam) - blamed, blameworthy, reproached

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of nindita

nindita - blamed, reproached, blameworthy

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root nind (to blame) with -ta suffix

Root: nind (class 1)

कर्म (karma) - action, deed, work (karma)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of karma

karma - action, deed, work, ritual, fate (karma)

Root: kṛ (class 8)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

नृशंसम् (nṛśaṁsam) - cruel, wicked, evil

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of nṛśaṃsa

nṛśaṁsa - cruel, wicked, evil

कदाचन (kadācana) - never, at any time, ever

(indeclinable)

इति (iti) - thus, in this manner, so

(indeclinable)

पूर्वे (pūrve) - ancient, former, earlier

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of pūrva

pūrva - ancient, former, earlier, previous

महात्मानः (mahātmānaḥ) - great souls, great persons (ātman)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of mahātman

mahātman - great soul, noble spirit, highly intelligent person (ātman)

Compound of mahat and ātman

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahat+ātman)

• mahat – great, large, important
  adjective
• ātman – self, soul, spirit, individual essence (ātman)
  noun (masculine)
  Root: an (class 2)

आपद्धर्मविदः (āpaddharmavidaḥ) - knowers of the law of necessity, experts in the natural law (dharma) during calamities

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of āpaddharmavid

āpaddharmavid - knower of emergency regulations, expert in natural law (dharma) during distress

Compound of āpat, dharma, and vid

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (āpat+dharma+vid)

• āpat – calamity, distress, misfortune
  noun (feminine)
• dharma – natural law, constitution, duty, righteousness (dharma)
  noun (masculine)
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)
• vid – knower, one who knows
  noun (masculine)
  From root vid (to know)
  Root: vid (class 2)

विदुः (viduḥ) - they knew, they understood

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (liṭ) of vid

Perfect tense, 3rd person plural, active voice

Perfect tense form of the root vid

Root: vid (class 2)