महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-132, verse-1

वैशंपायन उवाच ।
एवमुक्तेषु राज्ञा तु पाण्डवेषु महात्मसु ।
दुर्योधनः परं हर्षमाजगाम दुरात्मवान् ॥१॥

1. vaiśaṁpāyana uvāca ,
evamukteṣu rājñā tu pāṇḍaveṣu mahātmasu ,
duryodhanaḥ paraṁ harṣamājagāma durātmavān.

1. vaiśampāyanaḥ uvāca evam ukteṣu rājñā tu pāṇḍaveṣu
mahātmasu duryodhanaḥ param harṣam ājagāma durātmavān

1. Vaiśampāyana said: When the noble Pāṇḍavas had thus been addressed by the king, the wicked Duryodhana experienced immense joy.

Words meanings summery:

• वैशम्पायनः (vaiśampāyanaḥ) - Vaiśampāyana (name of a sage)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• एवम् (evam) - thus, in this manner

• उक्तेषु (ukteṣu) - when spoken to, when addressed

• राज्ञा (rājñā) - by the king

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, then

• पाण्डवेषु (pāṇḍaveṣu) - among the Pāṇḍavas

• महात्मसु (mahātmasu) - among the noble, among the great-souled ones

• दुर्योधनः (duryodhanaḥ) - Duryodhana (name of a Kuru prince)

• परम् (param) - supreme, immense, great

• हर्षम् (harṣam) - joy, delight, pleasure

• आजगाम (ājagāma) - experienced, came to, obtained

• दुरात्मवान् (durātmavān) - wicked, evil-minded

Words meanings and morphology

वैशम्पायनः (vaiśampāyanaḥ) - Vaiśampāyana (name of a sage)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vaiśampāyana

vaiśampāyana - Vaiśampāyana (a sage, disciple of Vyāsa)

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (liṭ) of vac

Perfect Tense

3rd person singular, active voice

Root: vac (class 2)

एवम् (evam) - thus, in this manner

(indeclinable)

उक्तेषु (ukteṣu) - when spoken to, when addressed

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, plural of ukta

ukta - spoken, said, addressed

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root vac

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Used in locative absolute construction

राज्ञा (rājñā) - by the king

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

तु (tu) - but, indeed, then

(indeclinable)

पाण्डवेषु (pāṇḍaveṣu) - among the Pāṇḍavas

(proper noun)

Locative, masculine, plural of pāṇḍava

pāṇḍava - descendant of Pāṇḍu, the Pāṇḍavas

महात्मसु (mahātmasu) - among the noble, among the great-souled ones

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, plural of mahātman

mahātman - great-souled, noble, magnanimous

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+ātman)

• mahā – great, mighty
  adjective
• ātman – self, soul, spirit (ātman)
  noun (masculine)

दुर्योधनः (duryodhanaḥ) - Duryodhana (name of a Kuru prince)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of duryodhana

duryodhana - Duryodhana (eldest son of Dhṛtarāṣṭra)

परम् (param) - supreme, immense, great

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of para

para - supreme, highest, utmost, excellent

हर्षम् (harṣam) - joy, delight, pleasure

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of harṣa

harṣa - joy, delight, pleasure, elation

आजगाम (ājagāma) - experienced, came to, obtained

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (liṭ) of gam

Perfect Tense

3rd person singular, active voice

Prefix: ā

Root: gam (class 1)

दुरात्मवान् (durātmavān) - wicked, evil-minded

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of durātman

durātman - evil self, wicked soul, malevolent person

Adjective 'durātmat' formed from this noun by adding possessive suffix -vat

Compound type : karmadhāraya (dur+ātman)

• dur – bad, difficult, evil (prefix)
  indeclinable
  Prepositional prefix
• ātman – self, soul, spirit (ātman)
  noun (masculine)