योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-7, chapter-158, verse-4

अथाल्पेनैव कालेन मुनिर्निर्वाणमाययौ ।
देहं त्यक्त्वाऽपदेशान्ते परे परिणतिं गतः ॥ ४ ॥

athālpenaiva kālena munirnirvāṇamāyayau ,
dehaṃ tyaktvā'padeśānte pare pariṇatiṃ gataḥ 4

4. atha alpena eva kālena muniḥ nirvāṇam āyayau
deham tyaktvā apadeśānte pare pariṇatim gataḥ

4. atha alpena eva kālena muniḥ apadeśānte deham
tyaktvā nirvāṇam āyayau pare pariṇatim gataḥ

4. Then, in a very short time, the sage attained liberation (nirvāṇa), having abandoned his body at the completion of his mission, and reached the supreme transformation.

Words meanings summery:

• अथ (atha) - then (then, now, moreover)

• अल्पेन (alpena) - by a short (time) (by a little, by a small (amount of time))

• एव (eva) - very (short) (emphatic) (only, just, indeed (emphatic particle))

• कालेन (kālena) - in time (instrumental of time) (by time, in time)

• मुनिः (muniḥ) - the sage (sage, ascetic)

• निर्वाणम् (nirvāṇam) - liberation (nirvāṇa) (liberation, cessation, extinction (nirvāṇa))

• आययौ (āyayau) - attained (he approached, he attained)

• देहम् (deham) - body

• त्यक्त्वा (tyaktvā) - having abandoned (having abandoned, having left)

• अपदेशान्ते (apadeśānte) - at the completion of his mission/sojourn (at the end of instruction, at the end of the pretext/designation/mission)

• परे (pare) - to the supreme (state) (in the highest, to the supreme)

• परिणतिम् (pariṇatim) - transformation, final state (transformation, maturity, result, final state)

• गतः (gataḥ) - having attained/reached (gone, attained, reached)

Words meanings and morphology

अथ (atha) - then (then, now, moreover)

(indeclinable)

अल्पेन (alpena) - by a short (time) (by a little, by a small (amount of time))

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of alpa

alpa - small, little

Note: Qualifies 'kālena'.

एव (eva) - very (short) (emphatic) (only, just, indeed (emphatic particle))

(indeclinable)

Emphatic particle

कालेन (kālena) - in time (instrumental of time) (by time, in time)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of kāla

kāla - time

Note: Denotes time within which an action occurs.

मुनिः (muniḥ) - the sage (sage, ascetic)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of muni

muni - sage, ascetic

Root: man (class 4)

निर्वाणम् (nirvāṇam) - liberation (nirvāṇa) (liberation, cessation, extinction (nirvāṇa))

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of nirvāṇa

nirvāṇa - extinction, cessation, liberation (nirvāṇa)

From nir-vā (to blow out, extinguish)

Prefix: nir

Root: vā (class 2)

Note: Object of 'āyayau'.

आययौ (āyayau) - attained (he approached, he attained)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of i

perfect active

From root i with upasarga ā, irregular perfect formation

Prefix: ā

Root: i (class 2)

देहम् (deham) - body

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of deha

deha - body

Root: dih (class 2)

Note: Object of 'tyaktvā'.

त्यक्त्वा (tyaktvā) - having abandoned (having abandoned, having left)

(indeclinable)

absolutive/gerund

Formed with -tvā suffix

Root: tyaj (class 1)

अपदेशान्ते (apadeśānte) - at the completion of his mission/sojourn (at the end of instruction, at the end of the pretext/designation/mission)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of apadeśānta

apadeśānta - end of instruction, end of designation/pretext

Tatpuruṣa compound

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (apadeśa+anta)

• apadeśa – designation, pretext, instruction, mission
  noun (masculine)
  From apa-diś (to point out, designate)
  Prefix: apa
  Root: diś (class 6)
• anta – end, boundary
  noun (masculine)

परे (pare) - to the supreme (state) (in the highest, to the supreme)

(adjective)

Locative, masculine/neuter, singular of para

para - other, subsequent, supreme, ultimate

Note: Locative singular, implying 'in the supreme [state]'.

परिणतिम् (pariṇatim) - transformation, final state (transformation, maturity, result, final state)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of pariṇati

pariṇati - transformation, change, maturity

From pari-ṇam (to change, ripen, mature)

Prefix: pari

Root: nam (class 1)

Note: Object of 'gataḥ'.

गतः (gataḥ) - having attained/reached (gone, attained, reached)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of gam

gam - to go, move

Past Passive Participle

From root gam (to go)

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'muniḥ'.