योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-6, chapter-91, verse-3

यश्चासौ वारणाक्रान्तितत्परो हस्तिपः स्थितः ।
तदज्ञानं तवाक्रान्तितत्परं तव दुःखदम् ॥ ३ ॥

yaścāsau vāraṇākrāntitatparo hastipaḥ sthitaḥ ,
tadajñānaṃ tavākrāntitatparaṃ tava duḥkhadam 3

3. yaḥ ca asau vāraṇākrāntitatparaḥ hastipaḥ sthitaḥ
tat ajñānam tava ākrāntitatparaṃ tava duḥkhadam

3. ca yaḥ asau hastipaḥ vāraṇākrāntitatparaḥ sthitaḥ
tat tava ajñānam tava ākrāntitatparaṃ duḥkhadam

3. And that mahout who was intent on overpowering the elephant is your ignorance (ajñāna), which is likewise intent on overpowering you and causing you suffering.

Words meanings summery:

• यः (yaḥ) - he who (who, which, he who)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• असौ (asau) - that one (that, that one)

• वारणाक्रान्तितत्परः (vāraṇākrāntitatparaḥ) - intent on overpowering the elephant, bent on attacking the elephant

• हस्तिपः (hastipaḥ) - mahout, elephant-keeper

• स्थितः (sthitaḥ) - was, present (stood, situated, existing, was)

• तत् (tat) - that (referring to the mahout) (that, therefore)

• अज्ञानम् (ajñānam) - your ignorance (ajñāna) (ignorance (ajñāna), non-knowledge)

• तव (tava) - your, of you

• आक्रान्तितत्परं (ākrāntitatparaṁ) - intent on overpowering you (intent on overpowering/assaulting)

• तव (tava) - your, of you

• दुःखदम् (duḥkhadam) - causing pain, painful, sorrow-giving

Words meanings and morphology

यः (yaḥ) - he who (who, which, he who)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

असौ (asau) - that one (that, that one)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of adas

adas - that (remote demonstrative pronoun)

वारणाक्रान्तितत्परः (vāraṇākrāntitatparaḥ) - intent on overpowering the elephant, bent on attacking the elephant

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vāraṇākrāntitatpara

vāraṇākrāntitatpara - intent on overpowering the elephant

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vāraṇa+ākrānti+tatpara)

• vāraṇa – elephant
  noun (masculine)
• ākrānti – attack, assault, overpowering
  noun (feminine)
  From root kram (to step, go) with prefix ā
  Prefix: ā
  Root: kram (class 1)
• tatpara – intent on, devoted to, absorbed in
  adjective (masculine)

हस्तिपः (hastipaḥ) - mahout, elephant-keeper

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of hastipa

hastipa - elephant-keeper, mahout

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (hastin+pa)

• hastin – elephant
  noun (masculine)
• pa – protector, keeper
  noun (masculine)
  From root pā (to protect)
  Root: pā (class 2)

स्थितः (sthitaḥ) - was, present (stood, situated, existing, was)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sthita

sthita - standing, situated, existing, established

past passive participle

From root sthā (to stand)

Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: functions as a verb here 'was present'.

तत् (tat) - that (referring to the mahout) (that, therefore)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

अज्ञानम् (ajñānam) - your ignorance (ajñāna) (ignorance (ajñāna), non-knowledge)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of ajñāna

ajñāna - ignorance, non-knowledge

Compound of 'a' (negation) and 'jñāna' (knowledge)

Compound type : bahuvrihi (a+jñāna)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
• jñāna – knowledge, wisdom
  noun (neuter)
  From root jñā (to know)
  Root: jñā (class 9)

तव (tava) - your, of you

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

आक्रान्तितत्परं (ākrāntitatparaṁ) - intent on overpowering you (intent on overpowering/assaulting)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of ākrāntitatpara

ākrāntitatpara - intent on attacking/overpowering

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (ākrānti+tatpara)

• ākrānti – attack, assault, overpowering
  noun (feminine)
  From root kram (to step, go) with prefix ā
  Prefix: ā
  Root: kram (class 1)
• tatpara – intent on, devoted to, absorbed in
  adjective (masculine)

तव (tava) - your, of you

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

Note: This 'tava' applies to duḥkhadam.

दुःखदम् (duḥkhadam) - causing pain, painful, sorrow-giving

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of duḥkhada

duḥkhada - causing pain/sorrow, painful

Compound of duḥkha (pain) + da (giving)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (duḥkha+da)

• duḥkha – pain, sorrow, suffering
  noun (neuter)
• da – giving, causing
  adjective (masculine)
  agent noun/suffix
  From root dā (to give)
  Root: dā (class 1)

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