योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-6, chapter-91, verse-12

यदा विवेकी पुरुषो भोगान्संत्यज्य तिष्ठति ।
तदा पलायतेऽज्ञानं छिन्ने वृक्षे पिशाचवत् ॥ १२ ॥

yadā vivekī puruṣo bhogānsaṃtyajya tiṣṭhati ,
tadā palāyate'jñānaṃ chinne vṛkṣe piśācavat 12

12. yadā vivekī puruṣaḥ bhogān saṃtyajya tiṣṭhati
tadā palāyate ajñānam chinne vṛkṣe piśāca-vat

12. yadā vivekī puruṣaḥ bhogān saṃtyajya tiṣṭhati,
tadā ajñānam chinne vṛkṣe piśāca-vat palāyate

12. When a discerning person (puruṣa), having completely given up enjoyments, abides in self-realization, then ignorance (ajñāna) flees like a goblin from a tree that has been cut down.

Words meanings summery:

• यदा (yadā) - when, at which time

• विवेकी (vivekī) - discerning, discriminating, wise, judicious

• पुरुषः (puruṣaḥ) - person, man, the cosmic person (puruṣa)

• भोगान् (bhogān) - enjoyments, objects of sense, experiences

• संत्यज्य (saṁtyajya) - having completely abandoned/given up

• तिष्ठति (tiṣṭhati) - abides (in self-realization or a steadfast state) (stands, remains, abides)

• तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

• पलायते (palāyate) - flees, runs away

• अज्ञानम् (ajñānam) - ignorance (ajñāna), nescience

• छिन्ने (chinne) - in (a tree) cut, in (a tree) felled

• वृक्षे (vṛkṣe) - in the tree, on the tree

• पिशाच-वत् (piśāca-vat) - like a goblin, like a demon

Words meanings and morphology

यदा (yadā) - when, at which time

(indeclinable)

विवेकी (vivekī) - discerning, discriminating, wise, judicious

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vivekin

vivekin - discerning, discriminating, wise, judicious

Derived from 'viveka' (discrimination).

पुरुषः (puruṣaḥ) - person, man, the cosmic person (puruṣa)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of puruṣa

puruṣa - person, man, male, human being, the Supreme Being, the cosmic person

भोगान् (bhogān) - enjoyments, objects of sense, experiences

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of bhoga

bhoga - enjoyment, experience, pleasure, food, sensual pleasure

Derived from root bhuj (to enjoy, to eat).

Root: bhuj (class 7)

संत्यज्य (saṁtyajya) - having completely abandoned/given up

(indeclinable)

Absolutive / Gerund

Formed from root tyaj (to abandon) with prefix sam (completely) and suffix -ya.

Prefix: sam

Root: tyaj (class 1)

तिष्ठति (tiṣṭhati) - abides (in self-realization or a steadfast state) (stands, remains, abides)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of sthā

Root: sthā (class 1)

तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

(indeclinable)

पलायते (palāyate) - flees, runs away

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of palāy

Derived from root i (to go) with prefix parā (away).

Prefix: parā

Root: i (class 2)

अज्ञानम् (ajñānam) - ignorance (ajñāna), nescience

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of ajñāna

ajñāna - ignorance, nescience, spiritual ignorance

Negation of 'jñāna' (knowledge).

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+jñāna)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix.
• jñāna – knowledge, wisdom, understanding
  noun (neuter)
  Derived from root jñā (to know).
  Root: jñā (class 9)

छिन्ने (chinne) - in (a tree) cut, in (a tree) felled

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of chinna

chinna - cut, torn, broken, divided

Past Passive Participle

Formed from root chid (to cut) with the suffix -na.

Root: chid (class 7)

Note: Agrees with vṛkṣe. Can also be neuter singular locative.

वृक्षे (vṛkṣe) - in the tree, on the tree

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of vṛkṣa

vṛkṣa - tree

पिशाच-वत् (piśāca-vat) - like a goblin, like a demon

(indeclinable)

Compound of 'piśāca' (goblin) and 'vat' (like).

Compound type : avyayībhāva (piśāca+vat)

• piśāca – goblin, demon, evil spirit
  noun (masculine)
• vat – like, as, in the manner of
  indeclinable
  Suffix indicating similarity.