योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-6, chapter-91, verse-11

यदा विरक्तः पुरुषो भोगाशां त्यक्तुमिच्छति ।
तदा प्रकम्पतेऽज्ञानं छेद्ये वृक्षे पिशाचवत् ॥ ११ ॥

yadā viraktaḥ puruṣo bhogāśāṃ tyaktumicchati ,
tadā prakampate'jñānaṃ chedye vṛkṣe piśācavat 11

11. yadā viraktaḥ puruṣaḥ bhoga-āśām tyaktum icchati
tadā prakampate ajñānam chedye vṛkṣe piśāca-vat

11. yadā viraktaḥ puruṣaḥ bhoga-āśām tyaktum icchati,
tadā ajñānam chedye vṛkṣe piśāca-vat prakampate

11. When a detached person (puruṣa) wishes to abandon the desire for enjoyments, then ignorance (ajñāna) trembles like a goblin in a tree that is being cut down.

Words meanings summery:

• यदा (yadā) - when, at which time

• विरक्तः (viraktaḥ) - dispassionate, detached, indifferent

• पुरुषः (puruṣaḥ) - person, man, the cosmic person (puruṣa)

• भोग-आशाम् (bhoga-āśām) - desire for enjoyments

• त्यक्तुम् (tyaktum) - to abandon, to give up

• इच्छति (icchati) - desires, wishes

• तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

• प्रकम्पते (prakampate) - trembles, shakes violently

• अज्ञानम् (ajñānam) - ignorance (ajñāna), nescience

• छेद्ये (chedye) - in (a tree) to be cut, in (a tree) being cut/felled

• वृक्षे (vṛkṣe) - in the tree, on the tree

• पिशाच-वत् (piśāca-vat) - like a goblin, like a demon

Words meanings and morphology

यदा (yadā) - when, at which time

(indeclinable)

विरक्तः (viraktaḥ) - dispassionate, detached, indifferent

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of virakta

virakta - dispassionate, detached, indifferent, averse

Past Passive Participle

Formed from root rañj (to color, be attached) with prefix vi (away, apart).

Prefix: vi

Root: rañj (class 1)

पुरुषः (puruṣaḥ) - person, man, the cosmic person (puruṣa)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of puruṣa

puruṣa - person, man, male, human being, the Supreme Being, the cosmic person

भोग-आशाम् (bhoga-āśām) - desire for enjoyments

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of bhoga-āśā

bhoga-āśā - desire for enjoyments

Compound noun, 'āśā' (desire) for 'bhoga' (enjoyment).

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (bhoga+āśā)

• bhoga – enjoyment, experience, pleasure, food
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root bhuj (to enjoy, to eat).
  Root: bhuj (class 7)
• āśā – hope, desire, expectation, direction
  noun (feminine)
  Derived from root aś (to reach, to obtain).
  Root: aś (class 5)

त्यक्तुम् (tyaktum) - to abandon, to give up

(indeclinable)

Infinitive

Formed from root tyaj (to abandon) with suffix -tum.

Root: tyaj (class 1)

इच्छति (icchati) - desires, wishes

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of iṣ

Root: iṣ (class 6)

तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

(indeclinable)

प्रकम्पते (prakampate) - trembles, shakes violently

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of kamp

Prefix: pra

Root: kamp (class 1)

अज्ञानम् (ajñānam) - ignorance (ajñāna), nescience

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of ajñāna

ajñāna - ignorance, nescience, spiritual ignorance

Negation of 'jñāna' (knowledge).

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+jñāna)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix.
• jñāna – knowledge, wisdom, understanding
  noun (neuter)
  Derived from root jñā (to know).
  Root: jñā (class 9)

छेद्ये (chedye) - in (a tree) to be cut, in (a tree) being cut/felled

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of chedya

chedya - to be cut, that which is to be cut, divisible

Gerundive / Future Passive Participle

Formed from root chid (to cut) with suffix -ya.

Root: chid (class 7)

Note: Agrees with vṛkṣe. Can also be neuter singular locative.

वृक्षे (vṛkṣe) - in the tree, on the tree

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of vṛkṣa

vṛkṣa - tree

पिशाच-वत् (piśāca-vat) - like a goblin, like a demon

(indeclinable)

Compound of 'piśāca' (goblin) and 'vat' (like).

Compound type : avyayībhāva (piśāca+vat)

• piśāca – goblin, demon, evil spirit
  noun (masculine)
• vat – like, as, in the manner of
  indeclinable
  Suffix indicating similarity.