योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-6, chapter-58, verse-4

न केचन विदन्त्येते तत्पदं जागतादयः ।
भूतलाद्गगनोड्डीनं विहंगममिवोन्नतम् ॥ ४ ॥

na kecana vidantyete tatpadaṃ jāgatādayaḥ ,
bhūtalādgaganoḍḍīnaṃ vihaṃgamamivonnatam 4

4. na kecana vidanti ete tat padam jāgatādayaḥ
bhūtalāt gagana uḍḍīnam vihaṅgamam iva unnatam

4. ete jāgatādayaḥ kecana na tat padam vidanti
bhūtalāt gagana uḍḍīnam vihaṅgamam iva unnatam

4. Those in the waking state (jāgatādayaḥ) and others do not know that supreme state (tat padam). It is like a bird that has soared high into the sky from the surface of the earth.

Words meanings summery:

• न (na) - not, no

• केचन (kecana) - implies "not anyone" or "none at all" in conjunction with 'na'. (anyone, some, a certain (plural))

• विदन्ति (vidanti) - they know, perceive

• एते (ete) - these

• तत् (tat) - "that" refers to the supreme state of consciousness mentioned in the previous verse. (that, it)

• पदम् (padam) - the supreme state or position. (state, abode, goal, foot, step)

• जागतादयः (jāgatādayaḥ) - Refers to beings identified with the waking, dream, and deep sleep states. (those beginning with the waking state, those of the waking and other states)

• भूतलात् (bhūtalāt) - from the surface of the earth, from the ground

• गगन (gagana) - sky, atmosphere

• उड्डीनम् (uḍḍīnam) - flown up, soared

• विहङ्गमम् (vihaṅgamam) - bird

• इव (iva) - like, as, as if

• उन्नतम् (unnatam) - elevated, risen high, lofty

Words meanings and morphology

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

Note: Used as a negative particle.

केचन (kecana) - implies "not anyone" or "none at all" in conjunction with 'na'. (anyone, some, a certain (plural))

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of kecana

kecana - anyone, someone, certain people

Formed from 'ka' (who/what) with the indeclinable particle 'cana'.

Note: Masculine nominative plural, agreeing with "jāgatādayaḥ".

विदन्ति (vidanti) - they know, perceive

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present indicative (lat) of vid

Root: vid (class 2)

Note: Governed by "jāgatādayaḥ".

एते (ete) - these

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of etad

etad - this, these

Note: Demonstrative pronoun, referring to "jāgatādayaḥ".

तत् (tat) - "that" refers to the supreme state of consciousness mentioned in the previous verse. (that, it)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, it

Note: Object of the verb "vidanti".

पदम् (padam) - the supreme state or position. (state, abode, goal, foot, step)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of pada

pada - state, abode, goal, foot, step

Note: Object of the verb "vidanti", refers to the transcendent state of consciousness.

जागतादयः (jāgatādayaḥ) - Refers to beings identified with the waking, dream, and deep sleep states. (those beginning with the waking state, those of the waking and other states)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of jāgatādi

jāgatādi - waking and others, those beginning with the waking state

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (jāgata+ādi)

• jāgata – relating to the waking state, a person in the waking state
  adjective (masculine)
  Derived from 'jāgrat' (waking).
• ādi – beginning, et cetera, and others
  noun (masculine)

Note: Subject of the verb "vidanti".

भूतलात् (bhūtalāt) - from the surface of the earth, from the ground

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of bhūtala

bhūtala - surface of the earth, ground

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (bhū+tala)

• bhū – earth, land
  noun (feminine)
• tala – surface, plain, palm
  noun (neuter)

Note: Indicates separation or origin.

गगन (gagana) - sky, atmosphere

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of gagana

gagana - sky, atmosphere, firmament

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Adverbial or part of a compound with 'uḍḍīnam'.

उड्डीनम् (uḍḍīnam) - flown up, soared

(verbal adjective)

Note: Qualifies 'tat padam' in the simile. Forms 'gaganodḍīnam' in sandhi.

विहङ्गमम् (vihaṅgamam) - bird

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vihaṅgama

vihaṅgama - bird (literally 'going in the sky')

Compound type : upapada tatpuruṣa (viha+gama)

• viha – sky, air
  noun (neuter)
• gama – going, moving, a goer
  nominal derivative (masculine)
  Derived from root 'gam' (to go).
  Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Used in comparison (iva), meaning "like a bird".

इव (iva) - like, as, as if

(indeclinable)

Note: Particle of comparison.

उन्नतम् (unnatam) - elevated, risen high, lofty

(verbal adjective)

Note: Qualifies 'tat padam' in the simile.