योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-6, chapter-3, verse-21

निःस्नेहदीपवच्छान्तो यस्यान्तर्वासनाभरः ।
तेन चित्रकृतेनेव जितं ज्ञेनाविकारिणा ॥ २१ ॥

niḥsnehadīpavacchānto yasyāntarvāsanābharaḥ ,
tena citrakṛteneva jitaṃ jñenāvikāriṇā 21

21. niḥ-sneha-dīpa-vat śāntaḥ yasya antaḥ vāsanā-bharaḥ
| tena citra-kṛtena iva jitam jñena avikāriṇā ||

21. yasya antaḥ vāsanā-bharaḥ niḥ-sneha-dīpa-vat śāntaḥ,
tena avikāriṇā jñena citra-kṛtena iva jitam.

21. He whose inner burden of latent impressions is as tranquil as a lamp devoid of oil – by that unchangeable knower, it is conquered, as if by a painter.

Words meanings summery:

• निः-स्नेह-दीप-वत् (niḥ-sneha-dīpa-vat) - like a lamp without oil, like an oil-less lamp

• शान्तः (śāntaḥ) - calm, peaceful, tranquil, appeased

• यस्य (yasya) - whose, of whom

• अन्तः (antaḥ) - inwardly (within, inside)

• वासना-भरः (vāsanā-bharaḥ) - burden of latent impressions, mass of tendencies

• तेन (tena) - by that (masculine/neuter)

• चित्र-कृतेन (citra-kṛtena) - by a painter

• इव (iva) - as, like, as if

• जितम् (jitam) - conquered, vanquished, won (victory is achieved)

• ज्ञेन (jñena) - by the knower, by the one who knows

• अविकारिणा (avikāriṇā) - by the unchangeable one, by the immutable

Words meanings and morphology

निः-स्नेह-दीप-वत् (niḥ-sneha-dīpa-vat) - like a lamp without oil, like an oil-less lamp

(indeclinable)

Formed by suffix -vat (like, as) added to the compound 'niḥsneha-dīpa'.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa-tatpuruṣa (nis+sneha+dīpa)

• nis – without, out, free from
  indeclinable
  Prefix indicating negation or absence.
• sneha – oil, fat, affection, attachment
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root snih- ('to feel affection, be greasy')
  Root: snih (class 4)
• dīpa – lamp, light
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root dīp- ('to shine')
  Root: dīp (class 4)

Note: Adverbial use of '-vat' suffix.

शान्तः (śāntaḥ) - calm, peaceful, tranquil, appeased

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śānta

śānta - calm, peaceful, tranquil, ceased, appeased

past passive participle

Derived from root śam- ('to be calm, cease').

Root: śam (class 4)

Note: Agrees with 'vāsanā-bharaḥ'.

यस्य (yasya) - whose, of whom

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of yad

yad - which, who, what

Relative pronoun.

अन्तः (antaḥ) - inwardly (within, inside)

(indeclinable)

Adverb.

वासना-भरः (vāsanā-bharaḥ) - burden of latent impressions, mass of tendencies

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vāsanā-bhara

vāsanā-bhara - burden of latent impressions/tendencies, accumulation of predispositions

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vāsanā+bhara)

• vāsanā – latent impression, subconscious tendency, inclination
  noun (feminine)
  Derived from root vas- ('to dwell, perfume')
  Root: vas (class 1)
• bhara – burden, load, weight, quantity
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root bhṛ- ('to bear, carry')
  Root: bhṛ (class 1)

तेन (tena) - by that (masculine/neuter)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Demonstrative pronoun.

चित्र-कृतेन (citra-kṛtena) - by a painter

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of citra-kṛt

citra-kṛt - painter, artist (literally, 'one who makes pictures')

Agent noun from citra (picture) and kṛt (doer).

Compound type : upapada-tatpuruṣa (citra+kṛt)

• citra – picture, painting, varied, wonderful
  noun (neuter)
• kṛt – doer, maker, performing
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root kṛ- ('to do')
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Agrees with 'tena'.

इव (iva) - as, like, as if

(indeclinable)

Particle of comparison.

जितम् (jitam) - conquered, vanquished, won (victory is achieved)

(participle)

neuter, singular of jita

jita - conquered, subdued, won, overcome

past passive participle

Derived from root ji- ('to conquer, win').

Root: ji (class 1)

Note: Acts as the predicate for the implied object that is conquered.

ज्ञेन (jñena) - by the knower, by the one who knows

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of jña

jña - knowing, knower, wise, intelligent

Derived from root jñā- ('to know').

Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: Agrees with 'tena'.

अविकारिणा (avikāriṇā) - by the unchangeable one, by the immutable

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of avikārin

avikārin - unchangeable, immutable, not subject to modification

Negative prefix 'a-' + vikārin (undergoing change).

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+vikārin)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix
• vikārin – undergoing change, subject to modification
  adjective (masculine)
  Derived from 'vikāra' (change, modification).

Note: Agrees with 'jñena'.