योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-6, chapter-3, verse-17

समूलकाषं कषति नदीतट इव द्रुमम् ।
यः सौहृदं मत्सरं च स हर्षामर्षदोषहा ॥ १७ ॥

samūlakāṣaṃ kaṣati nadītaṭa iva drumam ,
yaḥ sauhṛdaṃ matsaraṃ ca sa harṣāmarṣadoṣahā 17

17. samūlakāṣam kaṣati nadītaṭe iva drumam yaḥ
sauhṛdam matsaram ca saḥ harṣa amarṣa doṣa hā

17. yaḥ nadītaṭe drumam iva sauhṛdam ca matsaram ca samūlakāṣam kaṣati,
saḥ harṣa amarṣa doṣa hā

17. Whoever uproots attachments and envy (matsara) completely, just as a riverbank completely erodes a tree, that person eradicates the defects of joy (harṣa) and indignation (amarṣa).

Words meanings summery:

• समूलकाषम् (samūlakāṣam) - completely, utterly, to the root-scraping

• कषति (kaṣati) - scrapes, rubs, tears up, eradicates

• नदीतटे (nadītaṭe) - on a riverbank

• इव (iva) - like, as, as if

• द्रुमम् (drumam) - tree

• यः (yaḥ) - who, whoever

• सौहृदम् (sauhṛdam) - attachments (implying partiality) (friendship, affection, partiality)

• मत्सरम् (matsaram) - envy, jealousy, malice

• च (ca) - and

• सः (saḥ) - he, that (one)

• हर्षामर्षदोषहा (harṣāmarṣadoṣahā) - destroyer of the faults of joy and indignation

Words meanings and morphology

समूलकाषम् (samūlakāṣam) - completely, utterly, to the root-scraping

(indeclinable)

Avyayībhāva compound ('with roots scraping'), used adverbially.

Compound type : avyayībhāva (sa+mūla+kāṣa)

• sa – with, together with
  indeclinable
• mūla – root, origin, foundation
  noun (neuter)
• kāṣa – scratching, rubbing, scraping, tearing
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root 'kaṣ' (to scratch, rub).
  Root: kaṣ (class 1)

Note: Used adverbially here as an accusative form of an Avyayībhāva compound.

कषति (kaṣati) - scrapes, rubs, tears up, eradicates

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (lat) of kaṣati

Present Active

From root 'kaṣ', 3rd person singular present active form.

Root: kaṣ (class 1)

नदीतटे (nadītaṭe) - on a riverbank

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of nadītaṭa

nadītaṭa - riverbank, riverside

Tatpuruṣa compound of 'nadī' (river) and 'taṭa' (bank).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (nadī+taṭa)

• nadī – river
  noun (feminine)
• taṭa – bank, shore, slope
  noun (masculine)

इव (iva) - like, as, as if

(indeclinable)

द्रुमम् (drumam) - tree

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of druma

druma - tree

यः (yaḥ) - who, whoever

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - which, what, whoever, whatever

सौहृदम् (sauhṛdam) - attachments (implying partiality) (friendship, affection, partiality)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of sauhṛda

sauhṛda - friendship, goodwill, affection, partiality

Derived from 'suhṛd' (friend).

मत्सरम् (matsaram) - envy, jealousy, malice

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of matsara

matsara - envy, jealousy, malice, hatred, avarice

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

सः (saḥ) - he, that (one)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

हर्षामर्षदोषहा (harṣāmarṣadoṣahā) - destroyer of the faults of joy and indignation

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of harṣāmarṣadoṣahan

harṣāmarṣadoṣahan - one who destroys the faults of joy and indignation

Tatpuruṣa compound: 'harṣāmarṣa' (Dvandva: joy and indignation) + 'doṣa' (faults) + 'han' (destroyer).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (harṣa+amarṣa+doṣa+han)

• harṣa – joy, delight
  noun (masculine)
  From root 'hṛṣ' (to be excited, glad).
  Root: hṛṣ (class 4)
• amarṣa – impatience, indignation
  noun (masculine)
  From root 'mṛṣ' (to bear, endure) with negative 'a'.
  Prefix: a
  Root: mṛṣ (class 1)
• doṣa – fault, defect, vice
  noun (masculine)
• hā – destroyer, remover
  noun (masculine)
  Agent noun
  Agent noun from root 'han' (to strike, kill, destroy).
  Root: han (class 2)

Note: Literally 'joy-indignation-fault-destroyer'.