योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-3, chapter-116, verse-10

श्रीराम उवाच ।
एवं मनःपरिक्षये सकलसुखदुःखानामन्तः प्राप्यत इति भवता प्रोक्तं तत्कथं महात्मंश्चपलवृत्तिरूपस्यास्य मनसोऽसत्ता भवति ॥ १० ॥

śrīrāma uvāca ,
evaṃ manaḥparikṣaye sakalasukhaduḥkhānāmantaḥ prāpyata iti bhavatā proktaṃ tatkathaṃ mahātmaṃścapalavṛttirūpasyāsya manaso'sattā bhavati 10

10. śrīrāma uvāca evam manaḥparikṣaye
sakalasukhaduḥkhānām antaḥ prāpyate iti bhavatā
proktam tat katham mahātman
capalavṛttirūpasya asya manasaḥ asattā bhavati

10. śrīrāma uvāca evam manaḥparikṣaye
sakalasukhaduḥkhānām antaḥ prāpyate iti bhavatā
proktam tat mahātman capalavṛttirūpasya
asya manasaḥ asattā katham bhavati

10. Śrī Rāma said: "You have indeed stated that the complete dissolution of the mind leads to the cessation of all joys and sorrows. O great soul, how then does non-existence occur for this mind, whose very nature is restless activity?"

Words meanings summery:

• श्रीराम (śrīrāma) - Śrī Rāma (Lord Rāma, the glorious Rāma)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said (said, spoke)

• एवम् (evam) - thus (thus, in this manner, so)

• मनःपरिक्षये (manaḥparikṣaye) - upon the complete dissolution of the mind (in the destruction/cessation of the mind)

• सकलसुखदुःखानाम् (sakalasukhaduḥkhānām) - of all joys and sorrows

• अन्तः (antaḥ) - cessation (end, cessation, limit, inside)

• प्राप्यते (prāpyate) - is attained (is attained, is obtained)

• इति (iti) - thus (indicating the end of a quote) (thus, so, indicating a quote or statement)

• भवता (bhavatā) - by you (Vasiṣṭha) (by you, by the honorable one)

• प्रोक्तम् (proktam) - stated (said, declared, spoken)

• तत् (tat) - that (referring to the statement) (that, therefore)

• कथम् (katham) - how? (how? in what manner?)

• महात्मन् (mahātman) - O great soul (O great soul, O noble one)

• चपलवृत्तिरूपस्य (capalavṛttirūpasya) - of that whose very nature is restless activity (of that whose nature is fickle activity)

• अस्य (asya) - of this (of this, his)

• मनसः (manasaḥ) - of the mind

• असत्ता (asattā) - non-existence (non-existence, unreality, non-being)

• भवति (bhavati) - comes about, occurs (becomes, occurs, is)

Words meanings and morphology

श्रीराम (śrīrāma) - Śrī Rāma (Lord Rāma, the glorious Rāma)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śrīrāma

śrīrāma - Lord Rāma, an incarnation of Viṣṇu

Compound type : karmadhāraya (śrī+rāma)

• śrī – glory, prosperity, beauty, honorific
  noun (feminine)
• rāma – Rāma (a personal name), pleasing, charming
  proper noun (masculine)
  Root: ram (class 1)

Note: Subject of the verb uvāca.

उवाच (uvāca) - said (said, spoke)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

perfect active

3rd person singular, perfect tense, active voice. Anomaly in perfect formation.

Root: vac (class 2)

एवम् (evam) - thus (thus, in this manner, so)

(indeclinable)

Note: Refers to the preceding statement.

मनःपरिक्षये (manaḥparikṣaye) - upon the complete dissolution of the mind (in the destruction/cessation of the mind)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of manaḥparikṣaya

manaḥparikṣaya - complete destruction/cessation of the mind

Compound type : tatpurusha (manas+parikṣaya)

• manas – mind, intellect, heart, consciousness
  noun (neuter)
  From root man (to think)
  Root: man (class 4)
• parikṣaya – complete destruction, decay, cessation, dissolution
  noun (masculine)
  From prefix pari + root kṣi (to destroy, diminish)
  Prefix: pari
  Root: kṣi (class 1)

Note: Locative absolute construction, indicating "when the mind is destroyed".

सकलसुखदुःखानाम् (sakalasukhaduḥkhānām) - of all joys and sorrows

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, plural of sakalasukhaduḥkha

sakalasukhaduḥkha - all joys and sorrows

Compound type : dvandva (sakala+sukha+duḥkha)

• sakala – all, whole, complete, entire
  adjective (masculine/neuter/feminine)
  From prefix sa + kala (part), meaning 'with parts', i.e., whole.
  Prefix: sa
• sukha – joy, happiness, pleasure, ease
  noun (neuter)
• duḥkha – sorrow, suffering, pain, misery, unease
  noun (neuter)

Note: Dependent on antaḥ.

अन्तः (antaḥ) - cessation (end, cessation, limit, inside)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of anta

anta - end, limit, cessation, interior, side

Root: ant

Note: Subject of prāpyate.

प्राप्यते (prāpyate) - is attained (is attained, is obtained)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present (laṭ) of prāp

present passive

From prefix pra + root āp (to obtain). 3rd person singular, present indicative, passive voice.

Prefix: pra

Root: āp (class 5)

Note: The passive voice implies antaḥ is the grammatical subject.

इति (iti) - thus (indicating the end of a quote) (thus, so, indicating a quote or statement)

(indeclinable)

भवता (bhavatā) - by you (Vasiṣṭha) (by you, by the honorable one)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of bhavat

bhavat - your honor, you (polite form), being, existing

present active participle (used as a pronoun)

Present active participle of bhū (to be), used as a polite 2nd person pronoun.

Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Agent of the passive verb proktam.

प्रोक्तम् (proktam) - stated (said, declared, spoken)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of prokta

prokta - said, spoken, declared, mentioned

Past Passive Participle

From prefix pra + root vac (to speak), with irregular formation for vac.

Prefix: pra

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Functions as the predicate here.

तत् (tat) - that (referring to the statement) (that, therefore)

(pronoun)

neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, this, he, she, it

Demonstrative pronoun.

Note: Connects the previous statement to the question.

कथम् (katham) - how? (how? in what manner?)

(indeclinable)

Interrogative adverb.

Note: Introduces the question.

महात्मन् (mahātman) - O great soul (O great soul, O noble one)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of mahātman

mahātman - great soul, noble one, the great self (ātman)

From mahā (great) + ātman (soul, self).

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+ātman)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective (masculine/neuter/feminine)
  Feminine stem mahā used as first member of compound.
• ātman – self, soul, spirit, individual essence, the Supreme Soul
  noun (masculine)
  Root: an (class 2)

Note: Addressing Vasiṣṭha.

चपलवृत्तिरूपस्य (capalavṛttirūpasya) - of that whose very nature is restless activity (of that whose nature is fickle activity)

(adjective)

Genitive, neuter, singular of capalavṛttirūpa

capalavṛttirūpa - having the form/nature of fickle activity/tendency

Compound type : bahuvrihi (capala+vṛtti+rūpa)

• capala – fickle, restless, wavering, trembling
  adjective (masculine/neuter/feminine)
  Root: cap (class 1)
• vṛtti – activity, mode of being, function, tendency, modification
  noun (feminine)
  From root vṛt (to be, to turn).
  Root: vṛt (class 1)
• rūpa – form, nature, appearance, characteristic
  noun (neuter)
  Root: rūp (class 10)

Note: Qualifies manasaḥ.

अस्य (asya) - of this (of this, his)

(pronoun)

Genitive, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this, here, referring to something near or just mentioned

Demonstrative pronoun.

Note: Refers to manasaḥ.

मनसः (manasaḥ) - of the mind

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, singular of manas

manas - mind, intellect, heart, consciousness

From root man (to think)

Root: man (class 4)

Note: Possessive, dependent on asattā.

असत्ता (asattā) - non-existence (non-existence, unreality, non-being)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of asattā

asattā - non-existence, unreality, non-being, absence of being

From a- (not) + sat (being) + -tā (abstract feminine suffix).

Compound type : nañ-tatpurusha (a+sattā)

• a – not, un-, in-
  indeclinable
  negative prefix
• sattā – existence, being, reality
  noun (feminine)
  From sat (being) + tā (abstract suffix).
  Root: as (class 2)

Note: Subject of bhavati.

भवति (bhavati) - comes about, occurs (becomes, occurs, is)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of bhū

present active

Root verb, 3rd person singular, present indicative active

Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Predicate for asattā.