योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-1, chapter-29, verse-7

अनित्यश्चासुखो लोकस्तृष्णा तात दुरुद्वहा ।
चापलोपहतं चेतः कथं यास्यामि निर्वृतिम् ॥ ७ ॥

anityaścāsukho lokastṛṣṇā tāta durudvahā ,
cāpalopahataṃ cetaḥ kathaṃ yāsyāmi nirvṛtim 7

7. anityaḥ ca asukhaḥ lokaḥ tṛṣṇā tāta durudvahā
cāpala-upahatam cetaḥ katham yāsyāmi nirvṛtim

7. lokaḥ anityaḥ ca asukhaḥ.
tāta,
tṛṣṇā durudvahā.
cāpala-upahatam cetaḥ [me],
katham nirvṛtim yāsyāmi?

7. This world is impermanent and brings no happiness. Oh, my dear friend, craving (tṛṣṇā) is truly difficult to overcome. With a mind afflicted by fickleness, how can I achieve perfect peace (nirvāṇa)?

Words meanings summery:

• अनित्यः (anityaḥ) - impermanent, transient

• च (ca) - and, also

• असुखः (asukhaḥ) - unhappy, sorrowful, not pleasant

• लोकः (lokaḥ) - world, people, realm

• तृष्णा (tṛṣṇā) - craving, thirst, desire

• तात (tāta) - dear one, father (vocative)

• दुरुद्वहा (durudvahā) - hard to bear, difficult to carry

• चापल-उपहतम् (cāpala-upahatam) - afflicted by fickleness, struck by instability

• चेतः (cetaḥ) - mind, consciousness

• कथम् (katham) - how, in what manner

• यास्यामि (yāsyāmi) - I shall go, I shall attain

• निर्वृतिम् (nirvṛtim) - liberation, complete peace, extinction (nirvāṇa)

Words meanings and morphology

अनित्यः (anityaḥ) - impermanent, transient

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of anitya

anitya - impermanent, transient, non-eternal

negation of nitya

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+nitya)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
• nitya – eternal, constant, permanent
  adjective (masculine)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

असुखः (asukhaḥ) - unhappy, sorrowful, not pleasant

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of asukha

asukha - unhappy, sorrowful, unpleasant

negation of sukha

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+sukha)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
• sukha – happiness, pleasure, ease
  noun (neuter)

लोकः (lokaḥ) - world, people, realm

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of loka

loka - world, people, realm, space

Root: lok (class 1)

तृष्णा (tṛṣṇā) - craving, thirst, desire

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of tṛṣṇā

tṛṣṇā - thirst, craving, intense desire

Root: tṛṣ (class 4)

तात (tāta) - dear one, father (vocative)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of tāta

tāta - father, dear one (term of endearment)

दुरुद्वहा (durudvahā) - hard to bear, difficult to carry

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of durudvaha

durudvaha - hard to bear, difficult to carry/support

Compound type : prādi-tatpuruṣa (dur+udvaha)

• dur – bad, difficult
  indeclinable
• udvaha – bearing, carrying, supporting
  adjective (masculine)
  agent noun/adjective from verbal root
  from ud-vah + a
  Prefix: ud
  Root: vah (class 1)

चापल-उपहतम् (cāpala-upahatam) - afflicted by fickleness, struck by instability

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of cāpalopahata

cāpalopahata - afflicted by fickleness

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (cāpala+upahata)

• cāpala – fickleness, instability, quickness
  noun (neuter)
• upahata – struck, injured, afflicted
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  from upa-han
  Prefix: upa
  Root: han (class 2)

Note: Agrees with cetaḥ

चेतः (cetaḥ) - mind, consciousness

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of cetas

cetas - mind, intellect, consciousness

Root: cit (class 1)

कथम् (katham) - how, in what manner

(indeclinable)

यास्यामि (yāsyāmi) - I shall go, I shall attain

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, future (lṛṭ) of yā

future active

root yā, 2nd class, Parasmaipada

Root: yā (class 2)

निर्वृतिम् (nirvṛtim) - liberation, complete peace, extinction (nirvāṇa)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of nirvṛti

nirvṛti - complete calm, perfect peace, cessation, liberation (nirvāṇa)

Prefix: nir

Root: vṛt (class 1)