वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-7, chapter-96, verse-9

त्यजैनं बलवान् कालो मा प्रतिज्ञां वृथा कृथाः ।
विनष्टायां प्रतिज्ञायां धर्मो हि विलयं व्रजेत् ॥९॥

9. tyajainaṃ balavān kālo mā pratijñāṃ vṛthā kṛthāḥ ,
vinaṣṭāyāṃ pratijñāyāṃ dharmo hi vilayaṃ vrajet.

9. tyaja enam balavān kālaḥ mā pratijñām vṛthā kṛthāḥ
vinaṣṭāyām pratijñāyām dharmaḥ hi vilayam vrajet

9. enam tyaja! kālaḥ balavān.
mā pratijñām vṛthā kṛthāḥ.
hi vinaṣṭāyām pratijñāyām dharmaḥ vilayam vrajet

9. "Abandon him! Time is powerful. Do not make your vow useless. For if the vow is broken, natural law (dharma) will indeed perish."

Words meanings summery:

• त्यज (tyaja) - abandon, forsake, leave

• एनम् (enam) - him (Lakṣmaṇa) (him, this (masculine accusative singular))

• बलवान् (balavān) - powerful, strong

• कालः (kālaḥ) - time (personified as powerful) (time, fate, death)

• मा (mā) - do not (prohibitive particle)

• प्रतिज्ञाम् (pratijñām) - vow, promise, agreement

• वृथा (vṛthā) - uselessly (in vain, uselessly, fruitlessly)

• कृथाः (kṛthāḥ) - you should make, you do (you may do, you should do (aorist form))

• विनष्टायाम् (vinaṣṭāyām) - when broken, in a broken state (in the destroyed, in the ruined, when broken)

• प्रतिज्ञायाम् (pratijñāyām) - when the vow (in the vow, in the promise)

• धर्मः (dharmaḥ) - natural law (dharma) (natural law, intrinsic nature, righteousness, constitution, duty)

• हि (hi) - for, indeed (indeed, surely, for, because)

• विलयम् (vilayam) - perishing, dissolution (dissolution, destruction, perishing)

• व्रजेत् (vrajet) - will perish, would go to dissolution (he should go, he may go, he would go, it would lead to)

Words meanings and morphology

त्यज (tyaja) - abandon, forsake, leave

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of tyaj

Root: tyaj (class 1)

एनम् (enam) - him (Lakṣmaṇa) (him, this (masculine accusative singular))

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of enad

enad - this, that

Note: Object of `tyaja`.

बलवान् (balavān) - powerful, strong

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of balavat

balavat - strong, powerful, mighty

suffix -vat indicating possession

Note: Qualifies `kālaḥ`.

कालः (kālaḥ) - time (personified as powerful) (time, fate, death)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kāla

kāla - time, epoch, season, death, fate

Note: Subject of implied 'is'.

मा (mā) - do not (prohibitive particle)

(indeclinable)

Note: Used with the aorist `kṛthāḥ` for prohibition.

प्रतिज्ञाम् (pratijñām) - vow, promise, agreement

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of pratijñā

pratijñā - promise, vow, agreement, declaration

from prati- + jñā- 'to know'

Prefix: prati

Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: Object of `kṛthāḥ`.

वृथा (vṛthā) - uselessly (in vain, uselessly, fruitlessly)

(indeclinable)

Note: Modifies `kṛthāḥ`.

कृथाः (kṛthāḥ) - you should make, you do (you may do, you should do (aorist form))

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, aorist (luṅ) of kṛ

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Used with `mā` for prohibition ("do not make").

विनष्टायाम् (vinaṣṭāyām) - when broken, in a broken state (in the destroyed, in the ruined, when broken)

(adjective)

Locative, feminine, singular of vinaṣṭa

vinaṣṭa - destroyed, ruined, lost, perished

Past Passive Participle

from vi- + naś- 'to perish, to be lost'

Prefix: vi

Root: naś (class 4)

Note: Part of a locative absolute construction "when the vow is broken".

प्रतिज्ञायाम् (pratijñāyām) - when the vow (in the vow, in the promise)

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of pratijñā

pratijñā - promise, vow, agreement, declaration

from prati- + jñā- 'to know'

Prefix: prati

Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: Part of a locative absolute construction.

धर्मः (dharmaḥ) - natural law (dharma) (natural law, intrinsic nature, righteousness, constitution, duty)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dharma

dharma - natural law, righteousness, duty, virtue, constitution, intrinsic nature

from root dhṛ- 'to uphold, to sustain'

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

Note: Subject of `vrajet`.

हि (hi) - for, indeed (indeed, surely, for, because)

(indeclinable)

विलयम् (vilayam) - perishing, dissolution (dissolution, destruction, perishing)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vilaya

vilaya - dissolution, melting away, destruction, disappearance

from vi- + lī- 'to dissolve, to melt'

Prefix: vi

Root: lī (class 4)

Note: Object of `vrajet` (motion to an end state).

व्रजेत् (vrajet) - will perish, would go to dissolution (he should go, he may go, he would go, it would lead to)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhi-liṅ) of vraj

Root: vraj (class 1)

Note: Expresses potential or consequence.