वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-7, chapter-96, verse-13

विसर्जये त्वां सौमित्रे मा भूद्धर्मविपर्ययः ।
त्यागो वधो वा विहितः साधूनामुभयं समम् ॥१३॥

13. visarjaye tvāṃ saumitre mā bhūddharmaviparyayaḥ ,
tyāgo vadho vā vihitaḥ sādhūnāmubhayaṃ samam.

13. visarjaye tvām saumitre mā bhūt dharmaviparyayaḥ
tyāgaḥ vadhaḥ vā vihitaḥ sādhūnām ubhayam samam

13. saumitre tvām visarjaye mā dharmaviparyayaḥ bhūt
sādhūnām tyāgaḥ vā vadhaḥ ubhayam samam vihitaḥ

13. O son of Sumitra, I must abandon you, lest there be a reversal of natural law (dharma). For righteous individuals, both abandonment and killing are deemed equivalent.

Words meanings summery:

• विसर्जये (visarjaye) - I must abandon (I should abandon, I should dismiss, I should send away)

• त्वाम् (tvām) - you (you (accusative))

• सौमित्रे (saumitre) - O son of Sumitra (O son of Sumitra, O Lakshmana)

• मा (mā) - lest (not, do not (prohibitive particle))

• भूत् (bhūt) - may there be (in a prohibitive sense: lest there be) (may there be, let it be (aorist injunctive))

• धर्मविपर्ययः (dharmaviparyayaḥ) - a reversal of natural law (dharma) (violation of natural law (dharma), reversal of natural law (dharma))

• त्यागः (tyāgaḥ) - abandonment (abandonment, renunciation, giving up)

• वधः (vadhaḥ) - killing (execution) (killing, slaying)

• वा (vā) - or

• विहितः (vihitaḥ) - prescribed, deemed (prescribed, enjoined, performed, placed)

• साधूनाम् (sādhūnām) - for righteous individuals (of good people, of righteous ones, of sages)

• उभयम् (ubhayam) - both (abandonment and killing) (both)

• समम् (samam) - equal, equivalent (equal, same, alike, even)

Words meanings and morphology

विसर्जये (visarjaye) - I must abandon (I should abandon, I should dismiss, I should send away)

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of visṛj

From vi- + root sṛj (to create, emit)

Prefix: vi

Root: sṛj (class 6)

Note: Expresses strong obligation or intent.

त्वाम् (tvām) - you (you (accusative))

(pronoun)

Accusative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

Note: Object of 'visarjaye'.

सौमित्रे (saumitre) - O son of Sumitra (O son of Sumitra, O Lakshmana)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of saumitri

saumitri - son of Sumitra (referring to Lakshmana)

Patronymic from Sumitrā

Note: Addressed to Lakshmana.

मा (mā) - lest (not, do not (prohibitive particle))

(indeclinable)

Note: Used with aorist ('bhūt') to express prohibition or negative purpose ('lest...').

भूत् (bhūt) - may there be (in a prohibitive sense: lest there be) (may there be, let it be (aorist injunctive))

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, aorist injunctive (luṅ) of bhū

Aorist injunctive, 3rd singular

Root: bhū (class 1)

धर्मविपर्ययः (dharmaviparyayaḥ) - a reversal of natural law (dharma) (violation of natural law (dharma), reversal of natural law (dharma))

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dharmaviparyaya

dharmaviparyaya - reversal of natural law (dharma), violation of natural law (dharma), perversion of natural law (dharma)

Compound: dharma (natural law) + viparyaya (reversal, perversion)

Compound type : tatpurusha (dharma+viparyaya)

• dharma – natural law, righteousness, duty
  noun (masculine)
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)
• viparyaya – reversal, inversion, perversion, mistake
  noun (masculine)
  From vi- + pari- + root i (to go)
  Prefixes: vi+pari
  Root: i (class 2)

Note: Subject of 'bhūt'.

त्यागः (tyāgaḥ) - abandonment (abandonment, renunciation, giving up)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tyāga

tyāga - abandonment, renunciation, sacrifice, giving up

From root tyaj (to abandon) + suffix -ghañ

Root: tyaj (class 1)

Note: Subject of an implied verb 'is'.

वधः (vadhaḥ) - killing (execution) (killing, slaying)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vadha

vadha - killing, slaying, striking

From root vadh (to strike, kill)

Root: vadh (class 1)

Note: Subject of an implied verb 'is'.

वा (vā) - or

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects 'tyāgaḥ' and 'vadhaḥ'.

विहितः (vihitaḥ) - prescribed, deemed (prescribed, enjoined, performed, placed)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vihita

vihita - prescribed, enjoined, performed, made, arranged

Past Passive Participle

From vi- + root dhā (to place, arrange, perform)

Prefix: vi

Root: dhā (class 3)

Note: Predicative adjective for 'ubhayam'.

साधूनाम् (sādhūnām) - for righteous individuals (of good people, of righteous ones, of sages)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of sādhu

sādhu - good, virtuous, righteous, proper, sage

From root sādh (to accomplish)

Root: sādh (class 5)

Note: 'For' or 'in the view of' good people.

उभयम् (ubhayam) - both (abandonment and killing) (both)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of ubhaya

ubhaya - both, twofold

Note: Refers to 'tyāgaḥ' and 'vadhaḥ'. It is neuter singular, treating 'both actions' as a single concept.

समम् (samam) - equal, equivalent (equal, same, alike, even)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of sama

sama - equal, same, like, even, impartial

Note: Predicative adjective for 'ubhayam'.