वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-7, chapter-95, verse-17

दुःखेन च सुसंतप्तः स्मृत्वा तद्घोरदर्शनम् ।
अवान्मुखो दीनमना व्याहर्तुं न शशाक ह ॥१७॥

17. duḥkhena ca susaṃtaptaḥ smṛtvā tadghoradarśanam ,
avānmukho dīnamanā vyāhartuṃ na śaśāka ha.

17. duḥkhena ca susaṃtaptaḥ smṛtvā tat ghoradarśanam
avāṅmukhaḥ dīnamanāḥ vyāhartum na śaśāka ha

17. duḥkhena ca susaṃtaptaḥ tat ghoradarśanam smṛtvā
avāṅmukhaḥ dīnamanāḥ vyāhartum na śaśāka ha

17. And, greatly tormented by sorrow, remembering that dreadful vision, he became downcast with a dejected mind and indeed could not speak.

Words meanings summery:

• दुःखेन (duḥkhena) - by sorrow (by sorrow, through pain, with difficulty)

• च (ca) - and (and, also, moreover)

• सुसंतप्तः (susaṁtaptaḥ) - greatly tormented (by sorrow) (greatly afflicted, deeply distressed, severely tormented)

• स्मृत्वा (smṛtvā) - remembering (having remembered, recollecting)

• तत् (tat) - that (that, this)

• घोरदर्शनम् (ghoradarśanam) - dreadful vision (of the consequences of Kāla's words) (dreadful sight, terrible vision, terrifying appearance)

• अवाङ्मुखः (avāṅmukhaḥ) - downcast (with face turned downwards) (downcast face, face turned downwards, depressed)

• दीनमनाः (dīnamanāḥ) - with a dejected mind (dejected in mind, sad-hearted, depressed)

• व्याहर्तुम् (vyāhartum) - to speak (to speak, to utter, to declare)

• न (na) - not (not, no, nor)

• शशाक (śaśāka) - could (was able, could)

• ह (ha) - indeed (emphatic) (indeed, surely, verily (emphatic particle))

Words meanings and morphology

दुःखेन (duḥkhena) - by sorrow (by sorrow, through pain, with difficulty)

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of duḥkha

duḥkha - sorrow, misery, pain

Note: Cause of affliction.

च (ca) - and (and, also, moreover)

(indeclinable)

सुसंतप्तः (susaṁtaptaḥ) - greatly tormented (by sorrow) (greatly afflicted, deeply distressed, severely tormented)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of susaṃtapta

susaṁtapta - greatly afflicted

Past Passive Participle

From root tap-1 (tapati) with prefixes sam- and su-

Compound type : karmadharaya (su+saṃtapta)

• su – good, well, very, greatly
  indeclinable
• saṃtapta – tormented, afflicted, heated
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  From root tap-1 (tapati) with prefix sam-
  Prefix: sam
  Root: tap (class 1)

Note: Describes Rāghava.

स्मृत्वा (smṛtvā) - remembering (having remembered, recollecting)

(indeclinable)

absolutive (gerund)

From root smṛ-1 (smarati)

Root: smṛ (class 1)

तत् (tat) - that (that, this)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, this

Note: Refers to 'ghoradarśanam'.

घोरदर्शनम् (ghoradarśanam) - dreadful vision (of the consequences of Kāla's words) (dreadful sight, terrible vision, terrifying appearance)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of ghoradarśana

ghoradarśana - dreadful appearance, terrible sight

Compound type : tatpurusha (ghora+darśana)

• ghora – dreadful, terrible, fierce
  adjective
• darśana – seeing, sight, vision, appearance
  noun (neuter)
  Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: Object of 'smṛtvā'.

अवाङ्मुखः (avāṅmukhaḥ) - downcast (with face turned downwards) (downcast face, face turned downwards, depressed)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of avāṅmukha

avāṅmukha - downward-faced, having a downcast face

Compound type : bahuvrihi (avāc+mukha)

• avāc – downward, below
  adjective
• mukha – face, mouth
  noun (neuter)

Note: Describes Rāghava.

दीनमनाः (dīnamanāḥ) - with a dejected mind (dejected in mind, sad-hearted, depressed)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dīnamanas

dīnamanas - dejected in mind, sad-hearted

Compound type : bahuvrihi (dīna+manas)

• dīna – pitiable, miserable, dejected
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  From root dī-4 (dīyate)
  Root: dī (class 4)
• manas – mind, intellect, heart, spirit
  noun (neuter)

Note: Describes Rāghava.

व्याहर्तुम् (vyāhartum) - to speak (to speak, to utter, to declare)

(indeclinable)

infinitive

From root hṛ-1 (harati) with prefixes vi- and ā-

Prefixes: vi+ā

Root: hṛ (class 1)

Note: Governed by 'śaśāka'.

न (na) - not (not, no, nor)

(indeclinable)

Note: Negation for 'śaśāka'.

शशाक (śaśāka) - could (was able, could)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of śak

Perfect (Lit)

Root śak-5 (śaknoti)

Root: śak (class 5)

Note: Governs infinitive 'vyāhartum'.

ह (ha) - indeed (emphatic) (indeed, surely, verily (emphatic particle))

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic particle.

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