वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-7, chapter-71, verse-16

तमनर्थं महाघोरं दण्डः कृत्वा सुदारुणम् ।
नगरं प्रययौ चाशु मधुमन्तमनुत्तमम् ॥१६॥

16. tamanarthaṃ mahāghoraṃ daṇḍaḥ kṛtvā sudāruṇam ,
nagaraṃ prayayau cāśu madhumantamanuttamam.

16. tam anartham mahāghoram daṇḍaḥ kṛtvā sudāruṇam
nagaram prayayau ca āśu madhumantam anuttamam

16. daṇḍaḥ tam mahāghoram sudāruṇam anartham kṛtvā
ca āśu anuttamam madhumantam nagaram prayayau

16. King Daṇḍa, having brought about that exceedingly terrible and cruel calamity, quickly went to the preeminent city of Madhumant.

Words meanings summery:

• तम् (tam) - him, that, it

• अनर्थम् (anartham) - misfortune, calamity, evil

• महाघोरम् (mahāghoram) - exceedingly dreadful, very terrible

• दण्डः (daṇḍaḥ) - King Daṇḍa (King Daṇḍa, stick, punishment)

• कृत्वा (kṛtvā) - having done, having made, having caused

• सुदारुणम् (sudāruṇam) - exceedingly cruel, very harsh, very severe

• नगरम् (nagaram) - city, town

• प्रययौ (prayayau) - he went, he proceeded

• च (ca) - and, also

• आशु (āśu) - quickly, swiftly

• मधुमन्तम् (madhumantam) - the city named Madhumant (to Madhumant (name of a city))

• अनुत्तमम् (anuttamam) - unequaled, peerless, excellent, supreme

Words meanings and morphology

तम् (tam) - him, that, it

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to 'anartham' (misfortune) which is masculine here.

अनर्थम् (anartham) - misfortune, calamity, evil

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of anartha

anartha - misfortune, calamity, evil, purposeless

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (an+artha)

• an – negation, not
  indeclinable
• artha – purpose, meaning, wealth, object, thing
  noun (masculine)

महाघोरम् (mahāghoram) - exceedingly dreadful, very terrible

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of mahāghora

mahāghora - exceedingly dreadful, very terrible

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+ghora)

• mahā – great, mighty
  adjective
• ghora – dreadful, terrible
  adjective (masculine)

दण्डः (daṇḍaḥ) - King Daṇḍa (King Daṇḍa, stick, punishment)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of daṇḍa

daṇḍa - stick, staff, punishment, King Daṇḍa

कृत्वा (kṛtvā) - having done, having made, having caused

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Root: kṛ (class 8)

सुदारुणम् (sudāruṇam) - exceedingly cruel, very harsh, very severe

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of sudāruṇa

sudāruṇa - exceedingly cruel, very harsh, very severe

Compound type : karmadhāraya (su+dāruṇa)

• su – good, very, well
  indeclinable
• dāruṇa – cruel, harsh, severe
  adjective (masculine)

नगरम् (nagaram) - city, town

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of nagara

nagara - city, town

प्रययौ (prayayau) - he went, he proceeded

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, Perfect (liṭ) of pra + √yā

Prefix: pra

Root: yā (class 2)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

आशु (āśu) - quickly, swiftly

(indeclinable)

मधुमन्तम् (madhumantam) - the city named Madhumant (to Madhumant (name of a city))

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of madhumant

madhumant - having honey, sweet, name of a city

अनुत्तमम् (anuttamam) - unequaled, peerless, excellent, supreme

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of anuttama

anuttama - unequaled, peerless, excellent, supreme

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (an+uttama)

• an – negation, not
  indeclinable
• uttama – best, highest, supreme
  adjective (masculine)