वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-7, chapter-52, verse-10

उपविष्टानृषींस्तत्र दृष्ट्वा परपुरंजयः ।
प्रयतः प्राञ्जलिर्भूत्वा राघवो वाक्यमब्रवीत् ॥१०॥

10. upaviṣṭānṛṣīṃstatra dṛṣṭvā parapuraṃjayaḥ ,
prayataḥ prāñjalirbhūtvā rāghavo vākyamabravīt.

10. upaviṣṭān ṛṣīn tatra dṛṣṭvā para-puram-jayaḥ |
prayataḥ prāñjaliḥ bhūtvā rāghavaḥ vākyam abravīt

10. rāghavaḥ para-puram-jayaḥ tatra upaviṣṭān ṛṣīn
dṛṣṭvā prayataḥ prāñjaliḥ bhūtvā vākyam abravīt

10. Having seen the sages seated there, Rāghava, the conqueror of enemy cities, became focused and, with joined palms, spoke these words.

Words meanings summery:

• उपविष्टान् (upaviṣṭān) - seated, having sat down

• ऋषीन् (ṛṣīn) - the venerable spiritual teachers (sages, seers)

• तत्र (tatra) - at the place where the assembly was held (there, in that place)

• दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen, after seeing

• पर-पुरम्-जयः (para-puram-jayaḥ) - Rāma, renowned for conquering the cities of his foes (conqueror of enemy cities)

• प्राञ्जलिः (prāñjaliḥ) - Rāma showing reverence and humility (with joined palms (in salutation))

• भूत्वा (bhūtvā) - having assumed a state of focus and joined palms (having been, having become)

• राघवः (rāghavaḥ) - Rāma, as a member of the Raghu dynasty (Rāghava (descendant of Raghu))

• वाक्यम् (vākyam) - the specific words that Rāma was about to utter (speech, words, statement)

• अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - he spoke, he said

Words meanings and morphology

उपविष्टान् (upaviṣṭān) - seated, having sat down

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of upaviṣṭa

upaviṣṭa - seated, sat down, entered, settled

Past Passive Participle

P.p.p. of `upa-viś` (to sit down).

Prefix: upa

Root: viś (class 6)

Note: Agrees with 'ṛṣīn'.

ऋषीन् (ṛṣīn) - the venerable spiritual teachers (sages, seers)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of ṛṣi

ṛṣi - sage, seer, inspired poet

Root: ṛṣ (class 6)

Note: Object of 'dṛṣṭvā'.

तत्र (tatra) - at the place where the assembly was held (there, in that place)

(indeclinable)

Adverb formed from demonstrative pronoun `tad`.

Note: Modifies 'upaviṣṭān'.

दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen, after seeing

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Formed from root `dṛś` (to see) with suffix `-tvā`.

Root: dṛś (class 1)

पर-पुरम्-जयः (para-puram-jayaḥ) - Rāma, renowned for conquering the cities of his foes (conqueror of enemy cities)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of parapurañjaya

parapurañjaya - conqueror of enemy cities, victor over hostile strongholds

Tatpuruṣa compound: `para` (enemy) + `pura` (city) + `jaya` (conqueror). Internal sandhi `m` to `ñ` before `j`.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (para+pura+jaya)

• para – other, hostile, enemy
  adjective (masculine)
• pura – city, town, fortress
  noun (neuter)
  Root: pur (class 1)
• jaya – victory, conquest, conqueror
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root `ji` (to conquer).
  Root: ji (class 1)

Note: Epithet for Rāghava.

प्राञ्जलिः (prāñjaliḥ) - Rāma showing reverence and humility (with joined palms (in salutation))

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of prāñjali

prāñjali - with joined palms (a gesture of respect/reverence)

Compound: `pra` (forward) + `añjali` (joined palms).

Prefix: pra

Root: añj (class 7)

Note: Agrees with 'rāghavaḥ'.

भूत्वा (bhūtvā) - having assumed a state of focus and joined palms (having been, having become)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Formed from root `bhū` (to be, become) with suffix `-tvā`.

Root: bhū (class 1)

राघवः (rāghavaḥ) - Rāma, as a member of the Raghu dynasty (Rāghava (descendant of Raghu))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rāghava

rāghava - descendant of Raghu, an epithet of Rāma

Patronymic from `raghu`.

Note: Subject of the sentence.

वाक्यम् (vākyam) - the specific words that Rāma was about to utter (speech, words, statement)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vākya

vākya - speech, words, sentence, statement

Derived from root `vac` (to speak).

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Object of 'abravīt'.

अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - he spoke, he said

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect (laṅ) of abravīt

Imperfect Active 3rd Singular

From root `bru` (to speak) with augment `a-`.

Root: bru (class 2)