वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-7, chapter-51, verse-5

राज्ञस्तु भवनद्वारि सो ऽवतीर्य नरोत्तमः ।
अवाङ्मुखो दीनमनाः प्राविवेशानिवारितः ॥५॥

5. rājñastu bhavanadvāri so'vatīrya narottamaḥ ,
avāṅmukho dīnamanāḥ prāviveśānivāritaḥ.

5. rājñaḥ tu bhavana-dvāri saḥ avatīrya nara-uttamaḥ
avāk-mukhaḥ dīna-manāḥ prāviveśa anivāritaḥ

5. tu narottamaḥ saḥ rājñaḥ bhavana-dvāri avatīrya
avāk-mukhaḥ dīna-manāḥ anivāritaḥ prāviveśa

5. But that best among men (Lakṣmaṇa), having dismounted at the palace gate of the king, entered unhindered, with his face downcast and his mind distressed.

Words meanings summery:

• राज्ञः (rājñaḥ) - of the king (Daśaratha) (of the king)

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

• भवनद्वारि (bhavanadvāri) - at the palace gate/door

• सः (saḥ) - he (Lakṣmaṇa) (he)

• अवतीर्य (avatīrya) - having dismounted, having descended

• नरोत्तमः (narottamaḥ) - best among men

• अवाङ्मुखः (avāṅmukhaḥ) - with downcast face

• दीनमनाः (dīnamanāḥ) - distressed in mind, sorrowful-minded

• प्राविवेश (prāviveśa) - entered

• अनिवारितः (anivāritaḥ) - unopposed, unhindered, unchecked

Words meanings and morphology

राज्ञः (rājñaḥ) - of the king (Daśaratha) (of the king)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

Note: Refers to Daśaratha's palace.

तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

(indeclinable)

भवनद्वारि (bhavanadvāri) - at the palace gate/door

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of bhavanadvāra

bhavanadvāra - palace door, house gate

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (bhavana+dvāra)

• bhavana – dwelling, house, palace
  noun (neuter)
  Root: bhū (class 1)
• dvāra – door, gate
  noun (neuter)

Note: Location of the action 'avatīrya'.

सः (saḥ) - he (Lakṣmaṇa) (he)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he

Note: Subject of 'prāviveśa'.

अवतीर्य (avatīrya) - having dismounted, having descended

(indeclinable)

gerund/absolutive

gerund of tṛ (to cross) with ava

Prefix: ava

Root: tṛ (class 1)

Note: Describes an action preceding 'prāviveśa'.

नरोत्तमः (narottamaḥ) - best among men

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of narottama

narottama - best among men, excellent man

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (nara+uttama)

• nara – man, person
  noun (masculine)
  Root: nṛ
• uttama – highest, best, excellent
  adjective

Note: Apposition to 'saḥ' (Lakṣmaṇa).

अवाङ्मुखः (avāṅmukhaḥ) - with downcast face

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of avāṅmukha

avāṅmukha - having a downcast face, facing downwards

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (avāc+mukha)

• avāc – downward, south
  adjective
  Often used as a prefix indicating 'down'.
  Root: añc
• mukha – face, mouth
  noun (neuter)

Note: Qualifies 'saḥ'.

दीनमनाः (dīnamanāḥ) - distressed in mind, sorrowful-minded

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dīnamanas

dīnamanas - distressed in mind, sorrowful-minded

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (dīna+manas)

• dīna – miserable, distressed, sad
  adjective
  past passive participle
  past passive participle of dī (to languish)
  Root: dī (class 4)
• manas – mind, heart, intellect
  noun (neuter)
  Root: man (class 4)

Note: Qualifies 'saḥ'.

प्राविवेश (prāviveśa) - entered

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of viś

Prefixes: pra+ā

Root: viś (class 6)

Note: Derived from 'pra' + 'ā' + 'viś'.

अनिवारितः (anivāritaḥ) - unopposed, unhindered, unchecked

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of anivārita

anivārita - unopposed, unhindered, unchecked

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+nivārita)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
  negative prefix
• nivārita – hindered, obstructed, prevented
  adjective
  past passive participle
  past passive participle of ni-vṛ (to ward off, stop)
  Prefix: ni
  Root: vṛ (class 5)

Note: Qualifies 'saḥ'.

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