वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-7, chapter-51, verse-12

नेदृशेषु विमुह्यन्ति त्वद्विधाः पुरुषर्षभाः ।
यदर्थं मैथिली त्यक्ता अपवादभयान्नृप ॥१२॥

12. nedṛśeṣu vimuhyanti tvadvidhāḥ puruṣarṣabhāḥ ,
yadarthaṃ maithilī tyaktā apavādabhayānnṛpa.

12. na īdṛśeṣu vimuhyanti tvat vidhāḥ puruṣarṣabhāḥ
yat artham maithilī tyaktā apavāda bhayāt nṛpa

12. nṛpa tvat vidhāḥ puruṣarṣabhāḥ īdṛśeṣu na vimuhyanti
yat artham maithilī apavāda bhayāt tyaktā

12. O King, the best among men, like yourself, do not become bewildered or despondent in such situations. Consider the reason why Maithili was abandoned: due to the fear of public criticism.

Words meanings summery:

• न (na) - do not (become bewildered) (not, no, nor)

• ईदृशेषु (īdṛśeṣu) - in such (difficult) circumstances (in such ones, in such kinds, in such circumstances)

• विमुह्यन्ति (vimuhyanti) - (best among men) do not become bewildered or despondent (they become bewildered, they are confused, they lose heart)

• त्वत् (tvat) - like you (you (ablative or as part of compound))

• विधाः (vidhāḥ) - persons of your kind, like you (kinds, sorts, like)

• पुरुषर्षभाः (puruṣarṣabhāḥ) - best among men (referring to Rama) (bulls among men, best of men)

• यत् (yat) - for the reason that, regarding which (which, that, because, for the reason that)

• अर्थम् (artham) - for the sake of, for the purpose of (purpose, meaning, wealth, for the sake of)

• मैथिली (maithilī) - Sita (daughter of the king of Mithila) (a princess of Mithila, Sita)

• त्यक्ता (tyaktā) - Sita was abandoned (abandoned, forsaken, left)

• अपवाद (apavāda) - fear of public criticism (blame, censure, criticism, scandal)

• भयात् (bhayāt) - due to the fear of (scandal) (from fear, out of fear)

• नृप (nṛpa) - O King (referring to Rama) (king, ruler)

Words meanings and morphology

न (na) - do not (become bewildered) (not, no, nor)

(indeclinable)

Note: Negation.

ईदृशेषु (īdṛśeṣu) - in such (difficult) circumstances (in such ones, in such kinds, in such circumstances)

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, plural of īdṛśa

īdṛśa - such, of this kind, like this

From idam (this) + dṛś (to see)

Note: Refers to difficult situations or matters.

विमुह्यन्ति (vimuhyanti) - (best among men) do not become bewildered or despondent (they become bewildered, they are confused, they lose heart)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of vimuh

Prefix: vi

Root: muh (class 4)

त्वत् (tvat) - like you (you (ablative or as part of compound))

(pronoun)

Ablative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

Note: First part of the compound 'tvadvidhāḥ'.

विधाः (vidhāḥ) - persons of your kind, like you (kinds, sorts, like)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vidha

vidha - kind, sort, manner, like

Note: Forms the compound 'tvadvidhāḥ' (persons like you).

पुरुषर्षभाः (puruṣarṣabhāḥ) - best among men (referring to Rama) (bulls among men, best of men)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of puruṣarṣabha

puruṣarṣabha - bull among men, excellent man, best of men

Compound type : tatpurusha (puruṣa+ṛṣabha)

• puruṣa – man, person, male, human being
  noun (masculine)
• ṛṣabha – bull, chief, excellent, best
  noun (masculine)

Note: The nominative plural form 'puruṣarṣabhāḥ' here acts as the subject for 'vimuhyanti'.

यत् (yat) - for the reason that, regarding which (which, that, because, for the reason that)

(indeclinable)

Note: Part of the idiom 'yat artham' meaning 'for the sake of which'.

अर्थम् (artham) - for the sake of, for the purpose of (purpose, meaning, wealth, for the sake of)

(indeclinable)

Note: Used in the idiom 'yat artham' meaning 'for the sake of which'.

मैथिली (maithilī) - Sita (daughter of the king of Mithila) (a princess of Mithila, Sita)

(proper noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of maithilī

maithilī - princess of Mithila, a name of Sita

Feminine derivative of Mithila (place name)

Note: An epithet for Sita.

त्यक्ता (tyaktā) - Sita was abandoned (abandoned, forsaken, left)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of tyakta

tyakta - abandoned, forsaken, given up, left

Past Passive Participle

From root √tyaj (to abandon, forsake) + kta suffix

Root: tyaj (class 1)

Note: Acts as the main verb in this clause in conjunction with an implied 'was'.

अपवाद (apavāda) - fear of public criticism (blame, censure, criticism, scandal)

(noun)

masculine, singular of apavāda

apavāda - blame, censure, scandal, exception, contradiction

From prefix apa + root √vad (to speak)

Prefix: apa

Root: vad (class 1)

भयात् (bhayāt) - due to the fear of (scandal) (from fear, out of fear)

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of bhaya

bhaya - fear, dread, apprehension

Root: bhī (class 3)

Note: Forms the compound 'apavādabhayāt' (from fear of blame).

नृप (nṛpa) - O King (referring to Rama) (king, ruler)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of nṛpa

nṛpa - king, ruler, prince

Compound of nṛ (man) and pa (protector, from √pā 'to protect')

Note: An address to Rama.