वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-5, chapter-50, verse-4

निश्चितार्थस्ततः साम्नापूज्य शत्रुजिदग्रजम् ।
उवाच हितमत्यर्थं वाक्यं वाक्यविशारदः ॥४॥

4. niścitārthastataḥ sāmnāpūjya śatrujidagrajam ,
uvāca hitamatyarthaṃ vākyaṃ vākyaviśāradaḥ.

4. niścitārthaḥ tataḥ sāmnā apūjya śatrujit agrajam
uvāca hitam atyartham vākyam vākyaviśāradaḥ

4. tataḥ niścitārthaḥ vākyaviśāradaḥ sāmnā śatrujit
agrajam apūjya atyartham hitam vākyam uvāca

4. Having ascertained the right course, the expert in speech then respectfully addressed his elder brother, the conqueror of enemies (Ravana), with gentle words, and spoke counsel that was exceedingly beneficial.

Words meanings summery:

• निश्चितार्थः (niścitārthaḥ) - having ascertained the right course or decision (having ascertained the meaning/purpose/object; one whose purpose is determined)

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, after that (then, thence, therefore, after that)

• साम्ना (sāmnā) - with conciliatory words, respectfully (by conciliation, by gentle words, by soothing means)

• अपूज्य (apūjya) - having honored, having respectfully addressed (having honored, having worshipped)

• शत्रुजित् (śatrujit) - conqueror of enemies (epithet for Ravana) (conqueror of enemies)

• अग्रजम् (agrajam) - his elder brother (Ravana) (elder brother, first-born)

• उवाच (uvāca) - spoke (spoke, said)

• हितम् (hitam) - beneficial (counsel) (beneficial, salutary, good, advantageous)

• अत्यर्थम् (atyartham) - exceedingly (exceedingly, very much, greatly)

• वाक्यम् (vākyam) - words, counsel (speech, word, sentence, discourse)

• वाक्यविशारदः (vākyaviśāradaḥ) - the expert in speech (referring to Vibhishana) (expert in speech, eloquent)

Words meanings and morphology

निश्चितार्थः (niścitārthaḥ) - having ascertained the right course or decision (having ascertained the meaning/purpose/object; one whose purpose is determined)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of niścitārtha

niścitārtha - one whose purpose is determined, having ascertained the meaning/purpose

compound of niścita (past passive participle) and artha (noun)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (niścita+artha)

• niścita – ascertained, determined, certain, fixed
  participle (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  from root ci (to collect, observe) with prefix nis
  Prefix: nis
  Root: ci (class 5)
• artha – meaning, purpose, object, wealth, matter, affair
  noun (masculine)

Note: Used here as the subject or predicate adjective referring to the speaker.

ततः (tataḥ) - then, after that (then, thence, therefore, after that)

(indeclinable)

from pronoun tad + suffix tas

साम्ना (sāmnā) - with conciliatory words, respectfully (by conciliation, by gentle words, by soothing means)

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of sāman

sāman - conciliation, gentle word, chant, a Veda (Sama Veda)

अपूज्य (apūjya) - having honored, having respectfully addressed (having honored, having worshipped)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

root pūj with prefix ā

Prefix: ā

Root: pūj (class 10)

Note: Absolutive verb form.

शत्रुजित् (śatrujit) - conqueror of enemies (epithet for Ravana) (conqueror of enemies)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of śatrujit

śatrujit - conqueror of enemies

compound of śatru (enemy) and jit (conquering)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (śatru+jit)

• śatru – enemy, adversary
  noun (masculine)
• jit – conquering, victorious
  adjective (masculine)
  from root ji (to conquer)
  Root: ji (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'agrajam'.

अग्रजम् (agrajam) - his elder brother (Ravana) (elder brother, first-born)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of agraja

agraja - elder brother, first-born, fore-runner

compound of agra (fore, first) and ja (born)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (agra+ja)

• agra – front, tip, first, principal
  noun (neuter)
• ja – born, produced from
  adjective (masculine)
  derived from root jan (to be born)
  Root: jan (class 4)

Note: Object of 'apūjya'.

उवाच (uvāca) - spoke (spoke, said)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

Perfect active 3rd singular

reduplicated perfect form of vac

Root: vac (class 2)

हितम् (hitam) - beneficial (counsel) (beneficial, salutary, good, advantageous)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of hita

hita - beneficial, salutary, good, placed, arranged

Past Passive Participle

from root dhā (to place) with irregular formation

Root: dhā (class 3)

Note: Modifies 'vākyam'.

अत्यर्थम् (atyartham) - exceedingly (exceedingly, very much, greatly)

(indeclinable)

compound of ati (over, beyond) and artha (purpose, meaning), used adverbially

Compound type : avyayībhāva (ati+artha)

• ati – over, beyond, excessive, very
  indeclinable
  prefix/preposition
• artha – meaning, purpose, object, wealth, matter
  noun (masculine)

Note: Modifies 'hitam'.

वाक्यम् (vākyam) - words, counsel (speech, word, sentence, discourse)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vākya

vākya - speech, word, sentence, discourse

from vac (to speak)

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Object of 'uvāca'.

वाक्यविशारदः (vākyaviśāradaḥ) - the expert in speech (referring to Vibhishana) (expert in speech, eloquent)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vākyaviśārada

vākyaviśārada - expert in speech, eloquent

compound of vākya (speech) and viśārada (expert)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vākya+viśārada)

• vākya – speech, word, sentence
  noun (neuter)
  Root: vac (class 2)
• viśārada – expert, skilled, proficient, clever
  adjective (masculine)
  from śārada (skill) with prefix vi (intensive)
  Prefix: vi

Note: Subject of 'uvāca'.