वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-5, chapter-42, verse-3

धनुः शक्रधनुः प्रख्यं महद् रुचिरसायकम् ।
विस्फारयाणो वेगेन वज्राशनिसमस्वनम् ॥३॥

3. dhanuḥ śakradhanuḥ prakhyaṃ mahad rucirasāyakam ,
visphārayāṇo vegena vajrāśanisamasvanam.

3. dhanuḥ śakradhanuḥ prakhyam mahat rucirasāyakam
visphārayāṇaḥ vegena vajrāśanisamasvanam

3. vegena śakradhanuḥ prakhyam mahat rucirasāyakam
vajrāśanisamasvanam dhanuḥ visphārayāṇaḥ

3. He was rapidly twanging a mighty bow, which resembled Indra's rainbow, was equipped with splendid arrows, and produced a sound like a thunderbolt.

Words meanings summery:

• धनुः (dhanuḥ) - The weapon Jambumālī wielded. (bow)

• शक्रधनुः (śakradhanuḥ) - Used as a comparison for the bow's appearance. (Indra's bow (rainbow))

• प्रख्यम् (prakhyam) - The bow looked like Indra's bow. (resembling, like, appearing as)

• महत् (mahat) - Describes the size or power of the bow. (great, mighty, large)

• रुचिरसायकम् (rucirasāyakam) - The bow was equipped with beautiful or shining arrows. (with splendid arrows)

• विस्फारयाणः (visphārayāṇaḥ) - Jambumālī drawing and twanging his bowstring. (twanging, stretching, causing to vibrate)

• वेगेन (vegena) - The action of twanging was done quickly or forcefully. (with speed, rapidly, with force)

• वज्राशनिसमस्वनम् (vajrāśanisamasvanam) - Describes the deafening sound of the bowstring. (with a sound like a thunderbolt)

Words meanings and morphology

धनुः (dhanuḥ) - The weapon Jambumālī wielded. (bow)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of dhanus

dhanus - bow

Note: Object of 'visphārayāṇaḥ'.

शक्रधनुः (śakradhanuḥ) - Used as a comparison for the bow's appearance. (Indra's bow (rainbow))

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of śakradhanus

śakra-dhanus - Indra's bow, rainbow

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (śakra+dhanus)

• śakra – Indra (name of a deity)
  proper noun (masculine)
• dhanus – bow
  noun (neuter)

Note: Part of the comparison 'prakhyam'.

प्रख्यम् (prakhyam) - The bow looked like Indra's bow. (resembling, like, appearing as)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of prakhya

prakhya - resembling, like, appearing as

From root khyā- (to be called, appear) with prefix pra-

Prefix: pra

Root: khyā (class 2)

Note: Agrees with 'dhanuḥ'.

महत् (mahat) - Describes the size or power of the bow. (great, mighty, large)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of mahat

mahat - great, large, mighty

Note: Agrees with 'dhanuḥ'.

रुचिरसायकम् (rucirasāyakam) - The bow was equipped with beautiful or shining arrows. (with splendid arrows)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of rucirasāyaka

rucira-sāyaka - having splendid arrows

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (rucira+sāyaka)

• rucira – splendid, brilliant, beautiful
  adjective
• sāyaka – arrow
  noun (masculine)

Note: Agrees with 'dhanuḥ'.

विस्फारयाणः (visphārayāṇaḥ) - Jambumālī drawing and twanging his bowstring. (twanging, stretching, causing to vibrate)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of visphārayāṇa

visphārayāṇa - twanging, stretching, making to sound

Present Middle Participle

Derived from causative of root sphur- (to throb, quiver) with prefix vi-. Declines like a verb.

Prefix: vi

Root: sphur (class 6)

Note: Qualifies the implied subject Jambumālī.

वेगेन (vegena) - The action of twanging was done quickly or forcefully. (with speed, rapidly, with force)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of vega

vega - speed, velocity, force, impetuosity

Note: Adverbial use, 'by means of speed'.

वज्राशनिसमस्वनम् (vajrāśanisamasvanam) - Describes the deafening sound of the bowstring. (with a sound like a thunderbolt)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of vajrāśanisamasvana

vajrāśani-samasvana - having a sound like a thunderbolt

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (vajrāśani+samasvana)

• vajrāśani – thunderbolt
  noun (masculine)
• samasvana – having the same sound, sounding like
  adjective

Note: Agrees with 'dhanuḥ'.