वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-5, chapter-42, verse-15

अतिवेगो ऽतिवेगेन भ्रामयित्वा बलोत्कटः ।
परिघं पातयामास जम्बुमालेर्महोरसि ॥१५॥

15. ativego'tivegena bhrāmayitvā balotkaṭaḥ ,
parighaṃ pātayāmāsa jambumālermahorasi.

15. ati-vegaḥ ati-vegena bhrāmayitvā balotkaṭaḥ
parigham pātayāmāsa jambumāleḥ mahā-urasi

15. ati-vegaḥ balotkaṭaḥ (saḥ),
ati-vegena bhrāmayitvā,
jambumāleḥ mahā-urasi parigham pātayāmāsa.

15. Extremely swift and mighty, he whirled (the mace) with tremendous force and then brought it down on Jambumali's great chest.

Words meanings summery:

• अति-वेगः (ati-vegaḥ) - extremely swift, very quick

• अति-वेगेन (ati-vegena) - with great speed, rapidly

• भ्रामयित्वा (bhrāmayitvā) - having whirled, after causing to whirl

• बलोत्कटः (balotkaṭaḥ) - exceedingly powerful, puffed up with strength

• परिघम् (parigham) - mace, club

• पातयामास (pātayāmāsa) - he caused to fall, he struck down

• जम्बुमालेः (jambumāleḥ) - of Jambumali

• महा-उरसि (mahā-urasi) - on the great chest, on the mighty chest

Words meanings and morphology

अति-वेगः (ati-vegaḥ) - extremely swift, very quick

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ati-vega

ati-vega - great speed, extremely swift

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (ati+vega)

• ati – over, beyond, exceeding, very
  indeclinable
• vega – speed, velocity, force, impulse
  noun (masculine)
  Root: vij (class 6)

Note: Modifies the implied subject (Hanuman).

अति-वेगेन (ati-vegena) - with great speed, rapidly

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of ati-vega

ati-vega - great speed, extremely swift

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (ati+vega)

• ati – over, beyond, exceeding, very
  indeclinable
• vega – speed, velocity, force, impulse
  noun (masculine)
  Root: vij (class 6)

Note: Adverbial phrase, instrument of whirling.

भ्रामयित्वा (bhrāmayitvā) - having whirled, after causing to whirl

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund) of Causative

Derived from the causative stem 'bhrāmaya' (from √bhram) with suffix -tvā.

Root: bhram (class 1)

Note: Action preceding 'pātayāmāsa'.

बलोत्कटः (balotkaṭaḥ) - exceedingly powerful, puffed up with strength

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of balotkaṭa

balotkaṭa - exceedingly strong, powerful, puffed up with strength

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (bala+utkaṭa)

• bala – strength, power, force
  noun (neuter)
• utkaṭa – excessive, fierce, prominent, strong
  adjective (masculine)
  Prefix: ut

Note: Modifies the implied subject (Hanuman).

परिघम् (parigham) - mace, club

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of parigha

parigha - mace, club, iron bar, bolt (of a door)

Prefix: pari

Root: han (class 2)

Note: Object of 'pātayāmāsa'.

पातयामास (pātayāmāsa) - he caused to fall, he struck down

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (liṭ) of pat

Periphrastic Perfect (Causative)

Formed by combining the causative stem 'pātaya' (from √pat) with the perfect forms of auxiliary verbs like √ās or √kṛ.

Root: pat (class 1)

Note: Main verb of the sentence.

जम्बुमालेः (jambumāleḥ) - of Jambumali

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of jambumālin

jambumālin - Jambumali (name of a rākṣasa)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (jambu+mālin)

• jambu – rose-apple tree, its fruit
  noun (feminine)
• mālin – garlanded, wearing a garland, having a garland
  adjective (masculine)
  From 'mālā' (garland) + '-in' (possessive suffix).

Note: Possessive, indicating ownership of the chest.

महा-उरसि (mahā-urasi) - on the great chest, on the mighty chest

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of mahā-uras

mahā-uras - great chest, broad chest

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+uras)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• uras – chest, breast, bosom
  noun (neuter)

Note: Location where the mace fell.