वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-5, chapter-42, verse-12

भ्रामयन्तं कपिं दृष्ट्वा सालवृक्षं महाबलम् ।
चिक्षेप सुबहून्बाणाञ्जम्बुमाली महाबलः ॥१२॥

12. bhrāmayantaṃ kapiṃ dṛṣṭvā sālavṛkṣaṃ mahābalam ,
cikṣepa subahūnbāṇāñjambumālī mahābalaḥ.

12. bhramayantam kapim dṛṣṭvā sāla-vṛkṣam mahābalam
cikṣepa subahūn bāṇān jambumālī mahābalaḥ

12. mahābalaḥ jambumālī,
sāla-vṛkṣam bhramayantam mahābalam kapim dṛṣṭvā,
subahūn bāṇān cikṣepa.

12. Upon seeing the mighty monkey whirling a sala tree, the exceedingly powerful Jambumali shot many arrows.

Words meanings summery:

• भ्रमयन्तम् (bhramayantam) - causing to whirl, whirling

• कपिम् (kapim) - monkey

• दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen, after seeing

• साल-वृक्षम् (sāla-vṛkṣam) - sala tree

• महाबलम् (mahābalam) - referring to the monkey (Hanuman) (mighty, extremely powerful)

• चिक्षेप (cikṣepa) - shot, threw

• सुबहून् (subahūn) - very many, a great many

• बाणान् (bāṇān) - arrows

• जम्बुमाली (jambumālī) - Jambumali (a proper name)

• महाबलः (mahābalaḥ) - referring to Jambumali (mighty, extremely powerful)

Words meanings and morphology

भ्रमयन्तम् (bhramayantam) - causing to whirl, whirling

(participle)

Accusative, masculine, singular of bhramayat

bhramayat - whirling, causing to wander, causing to revolve

Present Active Participle (causative)

Derived from root √bhram (to wander, to whirl) with causative suffix -ayi, then -at (present participle suffix).

Root: bhram (class 1)

Note: Used here as an adjective for 'kapim'.

कपिम् (kapim) - monkey

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of kapi

kapi - monkey, ape

दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen, after seeing

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Derived from root √dṛś (to see) with suffix -tvā.

Root: dṛś (class 1)

साल-वृक्षम् (sāla-vṛkṣam) - sala tree

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of sāla-vṛkṣa

sāla-vṛkṣa - sala tree

Compound type : karmadhāraya (sāla+vṛkṣa)

• sāla – sala tree (Shorea robusta)
  noun (masculine)
• vṛkṣa – tree
  noun (masculine)

Note: Object of 'bhramayantam'.

महाबलम् (mahābalam) - referring to the monkey (Hanuman) (mighty, extremely powerful)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of mahābala

mahābala - great strength, very powerful, mighty

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahā+bala)

• mahā – great, large
  adjective
• bala – strength, power
  noun (neuter)

Note: Modifies 'kapim'.

चिक्षेप (cikṣepa) - shot, threw

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (liṭ) of kṣip

Perfect (liṭ)

Intensive reduplicated perfect form of √kṣip.

Root: kṣip (class 6)

Note: Verb of the main clause, subject 'jambumālī'.

सुबहून् (subahūn) - very many, a great many

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of subahu

subahu - very many, numerous, abundant

From 'su-' (good, excellent, very) and 'bahu' (many).

Compound type : praadi (su+bahu)

• su – good, well, very
  indeclinable
• bahu – many, much
  adjective (masculine)

Note: Modifies 'bāṇān'.

बाणान् (bāṇān) - arrows

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of bāṇa

bāṇa - arrow

Note: Object of 'cikṣepa'.

जम्बुमाली (jambumālī) - Jambumali (a proper name)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of jambumālin

jambumālin - Jambumali (name of a rākṣasa, from 'jambu' + 'mālin' garlanded with jambu fruit, or referring to a species of tree)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (jambu+mālin)

• jambu – rose-apple tree, its fruit
  noun (feminine)
• mālin – garlanded, wearing a garland, having a garland
  adjective (masculine)
  From 'mālā' (garland) + '-in' (possessive suffix).

Note: Subject of 'cikṣepa'.

महाबलः (mahābalaḥ) - referring to Jambumali (mighty, extremely powerful)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahābala

mahābala - great strength, very powerful, mighty

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahā+bala)

• mahā – great, large
  adjective
• bala – strength, power
  noun (neuter)

Note: Modifies 'jambumālī'.