वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-4, chapter-56, verse-17

मयस्य माया विहितं तद्बिलं च विचिन्वताम् ।
व्यतीतस्तत्र नो मासो यो राज्ञा सामयः कृतः ॥१७॥

17. mayasya māyā vihitaṃ tadbilaṃ ca vicinvatām ,
vyatītastatra no māso yo rājñā sāmayaḥ kṛtaḥ.

17. mayasya māyayā vihitam tat bilam ca vicinvatām |
vyatītaḥ tatra naḥ māsaḥ yaḥ rājñā sāmayaḥ kṛtaḥ

17. mayasya māyayā vihitam tat bilam ca vicinvatām
naḥ tatra yaḥ rājñā sāmayaḥ kṛtaḥ māsaḥ vyatītaḥ

17. While we were searching that cave, created by Maya's illusion, the month that the king had allotted to us has passed.

Words meanings summery:

• मयस्य (mayasya) - of Maya (a demon architect)

• मायया (māyayā) - by illusion, by magical power (māyā)

• विहितम् (vihitam) - created, made, arranged

• तत् (tat) - that

• बिलम् (bilam) - cave, hole

• च (ca) - and, also

• विचिन्वताम् (vicinvatām) - The group of monkeys (us) who were searching. (of those searching, while searching)

• व्यतीतः (vyatītaḥ) - passed, elapsed

• तत्र (tatra) - in that cave (there, in that place)

• नः (naḥ) - to us, our, for us

• मासः (māsaḥ) - month

• यः (yaḥ) - who, which

• राज्ञा (rājñā) - by Sugriva, the king of Vanaras (by the king)

• सामयः (sāmayaḥ) - a month's time as stipulated by the king (fixed with a period, appointed time)

• कृतः (kṛtaḥ) - allotted, set (by the king) (made, done, performed)

Words meanings and morphology

मयस्य (mayasya) - of Maya (a demon architect)

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of maya

maya - Maya (name of a demon architect, also illusion)

Note: Possessive, describing whose 'māyā' (illusion).

मायया (māyayā) - by illusion, by magical power (māyā)

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of māyā

māyā - illusion, magical power, artifice

Note: Agent of 'vihitam'.

विहितम् (vihitam) - created, made, arranged

(adjective)

neuter, singular of vihita

vihita - created, made, arranged, prescribed

Past Passive Participle

From vi- + dhā (to place, put, make) + kta

Prefix: vi

Root: dhā (class 3)

Note: Qualifies 'bilam'.

तत् (tat) - that

(pronoun)

neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, it

Note: Refers to 'bilam'.

बिलम् (bilam) - cave, hole

(noun)

neuter, singular of bila

bila - cave, hole, burrow

Note: Noun qualified by 'vihitam'.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

विचिन्वताम् (vicinvatām) - The group of monkeys (us) who were searching. (of those searching, while searching)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of vicinvat

vicinvat - searching, investigating

Present Participle (Parasmaipada)

From vi- + ci (to gather, search) + śatṛ

Prefix: vi

Root: ci (class 5)

Note: Implies 'our' (month) or 'for us' (allotted).

व्यतीतः (vyatītaḥ) - passed, elapsed

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vyatīta

vyatīta - passed, elapsed, gone by

Past Passive Participle

From vi- + ati- + i (to go) + kta

Prefixes: vi+ati

Root: i (class 2)

Note: Predicate for 'māsaḥ'.

तत्र (tatra) - in that cave (there, in that place)

(indeclinable)

Locative from tad

Note: Refers to the location of searching (the cave).

नः (naḥ) - to us, our, for us

(pronoun)

plural of asmad

asmad - I, we

Note: Implies 'our' (month) or 'for us' (allotted).

मासः (māsaḥ) - month

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of māsa

māsa - month

Note: Subject of 'vyatītaḥ'.

यः (yaḥ) - who, which

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - which, who, what

Note: Relative pronoun for 'māsaḥ'.

राज्ञा (rājñā) - by Sugriva, the king of Vanaras (by the king)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

Note: Agent of 'kṛtaḥ'.

सामयः (sāmayaḥ) - a month's time as stipulated by the king (fixed with a period, appointed time)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sāmaya

sāmaya - fixed with a period, having a definite time

Bahuvrihi compound: saha + samaya

Compound type : bahuvrihi (saha+samaya)

• saha – with, together with
  indeclinable
  Prefix/preposition
• samaya – time, season, agreement, stipulation
  noun (masculine)
  From sam- + i (to go)
  Prefix: sam
  Root: i (class 2)

Note: Qualifies 'māsaḥ'.

कृतः (kṛtaḥ) - allotted, set (by the king) (made, done, performed)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kṛta

kṛta - made, done, performed

Past Passive Participle

From root kṛ (to do, make) + kta

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Predicate for 'māsaḥ'.