वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-4, chapter-5, verse-16

ततो ऽग्निं दीप्यमानं तौ चक्रतुश्च प्रदक्षिणम् ।
सुग्रीवो राघवश्चैव वयस्यत्वमुपागतौ ॥१६॥

16. tato'gniṃ dīpyamānaṃ tau cakratuśca pradakṣiṇam ,
sugrīvo rāghavaścaiva vayasyatvamupāgatau.

16. tataḥ agnim dīpyamānam tau cakratuḥ ca pradakṣiṇam
sugrīvaḥ rāghavaḥ ca eva vayasyatvam upāgatau

16. tataḥ tau dīpyamānam agnim pradakṣiṇam cakratuḥ
ca sugrīvaḥ rāghavaḥ ca eva vayasyatvam upāgatau

16. Then, the two of them (Rama and Sugriva) circumambulated the blazing fire. And thus, Sugriva and Rama certainly attained friendship.

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, subsequently (then, therefrom, after that)

• अग्निम् (agnim) - the fire (placed by Hanuman) (fire)

• दीप्यमानम् (dīpyamānam) - blazing (fire) (shining, blazing, glowing)

• तौ (tau) - those two (Rama and Sugriva) (those two (masculine/dual))

• चक्रतुः (cakratuḥ) - they two performed (circumambulation) (they two made, they two did, they two performed)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• प्रदक्षिणम् (pradakṣiṇam) - circumambulation (of the fire) (circumambulation from left to right, auspicious movement)

• सुग्रीवः (sugrīvaḥ) - Sugriva (Sugriva (name of the monkey king))

• राघवः (rāghavaḥ) - Rama (descendant of Raghu, Rama)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• एव (eva) - indeed, certainly (indeed, only, certainly)

• वयस्यत्वम् (vayasyatvam) - friendship (state of friendship, companionship)

• उपागतौ (upāgatau) - they two attained (friendship) (they two attained, they two approached)

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then, subsequently (then, therefrom, after that)

(indeclinable)

अग्निम् (agnim) - the fire (placed by Hanuman) (fire)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of agni

agni - fire, Agni (god of fire)

दीप्यमानम् (dīpyamānam) - blazing (fire) (shining, blazing, glowing)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of dīpyamāna

dīpyamāna - shining, blazing, glowing

Present Middle Participle

From root 'dīp' (to shine) + 'śānac' suffix

Root: dīp (class 4)

Note: Agrees with 'agnim'.

तौ (tau) - those two (Rama and Sugriva) (those two (masculine/dual))

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of tad

tad - that, those

Note: Refers to Rāma and Sugrīva.

चक्रतुः (cakratuḥ) - they two performed (circumambulation) (they two made, they two did, they two performed)

(verb)

3rd person , dual, active, perfect (lit) of cakratuḥ

Perfect

Perfect, 3rd person dual of root 'kṛ' (to do, make)

Root: kṛ (class 8)

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

प्रदक्षिणम् (pradakṣiṇam) - circumambulation (of the fire) (circumambulation from left to right, auspicious movement)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of pradakṣiṇa

pradakṣiṇa - circumambulation from left to right, auspicious movement; right side; respectful salutation

Prefix: pra

Root: dakṣ

Note: Used adverbially to mean 'circumambulating'.

सुग्रीवः (sugrīvaḥ) - Sugriva (Sugriva (name of the monkey king))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sugrīva

sugrīva - having a handsome neck, name of the monkey king

राघवः (rāghavaḥ) - Rama (descendant of Raghu, Rama)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rāghava

rāghava - descendant of Raghu, an epithet of Rama

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - indeed, certainly (indeed, only, certainly)

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic particle.

वयस्यत्वम् (vayasyatvam) - friendship (state of friendship, companionship)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vayasyatva

vayasyatva - state of friendship, companionship

From 'vayasya' (friend) + 'tva' (suffix forming abstract noun)

उपागतौ (upāgatau) - they two attained (friendship) (they two attained, they two approached)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, dual of upāgata

upāgata - approached, attained, arrived at

Past Passive Participle

From prefix 'upā' + root 'gam' (to go) + suffix 'kta'. Used here as a finite verb in dual nominative.

Prefix: upā

Root: gam (class 1)

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