वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-4, chapter-5, verse-1

ऋश्यमूकात्तु हनुमान् गत्वा तं मलयं गिरम् ।
आचचक्षे तदा वीरौ कपिराजाय राघवौ ॥१॥

1. ṛśyamūkāttu hanumān gatvā taṃ malayaṃ giram ,
ācacakṣe tadā vīrau kapirājāya rāghavau.

1. ṛṣyamūkāt tu hanūmān gatvā tam malayam girim
ācacakṣe tadā vīrau kapirājāya rāghavau

1. hanūmān tu ṛṣyamūkāt tam malayam girim gatvā
tadā kapirājāya vīrau rāghavau ācacakṣe

1. Then Hanuman, having indeed gone from Ṛṣyamūka to that Malaya mountain, informed the king of the monkeys (Sugrīva) about the two heroes, the Raghavas (Rāma and Lakṣmaṇa).

Words meanings summery:

• ऋष्यमूकात् (ṛṣyamūkāt) - from Rishyamuka mountain (from Rishyamuka)

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

• हनूमान् (hanūmān) - Hanuman

• गत्वा (gatvā) - having gone

• तम् (tam) - that (Malaya) (that)

• मलयम् (malayam) - Malaya (mountain)

• गिरिम् (girim) - Malaya mountain (mountain)

• आचचक्षे (ācacakṣe) - he told, he informed, he related

• तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

• वीरौ (vīrau) - Refers to Rāma and Lakṣmaṇa. (two heroes)

• कपिराजाय (kapirājāya) - to Sugrīva (to the king of monkeys)

• राघवौ (rāghavau) - Rāma and Lakṣmaṇa (the two descendants of Raghu)

Words meanings and morphology

ऋष्यमूकात् (ṛṣyamūkāt) - from Rishyamuka mountain (from Rishyamuka)

(proper noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of ṛṣyamūka

ṛṣyamūka - Rishyamuka (name of a mountain)

Note: Indicates the starting point of motion.

तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

(indeclinable)

हनूमान् (hanūmān) - Hanuman

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of hanūmat

hanūmat - Hanuman (proper noun)

गत्वा (gatvā) - having gone

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Formed from root `gam` with suffix `tvā`.

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Gerund.

तम् (tam) - that (Malaya) (that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Adjective for `malayam girim`.

मलयम् (malayam) - Malaya (mountain)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of malaya

malaya - Malaya (name of a mountain range)

Note: Adjective for `girim`.

गिरिम् (girim) - Malaya mountain (mountain)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of giri

giri - mountain, hill

Root: gṝ (class 6)

आचचक्षे (ācacakṣe) - he told, he informed, he related

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, perfect past (lit) of cakṣ

Perfect Tense

Reduplicated root `cakṣ`, ātmanepada, third person singular. From prefix `ā` + root `cakṣ`.

Prefix: ā

Root: cakṣ (class 2)

Note: The subject is Hanuman.

तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

(indeclinable)

From pronoun `tad` + suffix `dā`

वीरौ (vīrau) - Refers to Rāma and Lakṣmaṇa. (two heroes)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, dual of vīra

vīra - hero, brave man, warrior

Note: Object of `ācacakṣe`.

कपिराजाय (kapirājāya) - to Sugrīva (to the king of monkeys)

(noun)

Dative, masculine, singular of kapirāja

kapirāja - king of monkeys

Tatpurusha compound: `kapi` (monkey) + `rāja` (king)

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (kapi+rājan)

• kapi – monkey
  noun (masculine)
• rājan – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)
  `rājan` is the nominative singular, `rāja` is the stem often used in compounds.
  Root: rāj (class 1)

Note: Recipient of the information.

राघवौ (rāghavau) - Rāma and Lakṣmaṇa (the two descendants of Raghu)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, dual of rāghava

rāghava - descendant of Raghu; Rāma

Derived from Raghu with an aṇ affix.

Note: Object of `ācacakṣe`.

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