वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-4, chapter-5, verse-9

स कृत्वा मानुषं रूपं सुग्रीवः प्लवगाधिपः ।
दर्शनीयतमो भूत्वा प्रीत्या प्रोवाच राघवम् ॥९॥

9. sa kṛtvā mānuṣaṃ rūpaṃ sugrīvaḥ plavagādhipaḥ ,
darśanīyatamo bhūtvā prītyā provāca rāghavam.

9. sa kṛtvā mānuṣam rūpam sugrīvaḥ plavagādhipaḥ
| darśanīyatamaḥ bhūtvā prītyā provāca rāghavam

9. sa plavagādhipaḥ sugrīvaḥ mānuṣam rūpam kṛtvā
darśanīyatamaḥ bhūtvā prītyā rāghavam provāca

9. Sugriva, the chief of monkeys, having assumed a human form and become most handsome, spoke to Rama with affection.

Words meanings summery:

• स (sa) - he, that

• कृत्वा (kṛtvā) - having done, having made, having assumed

• मानुषम् (mānuṣam) - human, pertaining to humans

• रूपम् (rūpam) - form, appearance, shape

• सुग्रीवः (sugrīvaḥ) - Sugriva (a proper name)

• प्लवगाधिपः (plavagādhipaḥ) - chief of the Vanaras (monkey-like beings) (chief of monkeys, lord of jumpers)

• दर्शनीयतमः (darśanīyatamaḥ) - most pleasing to behold, most handsome, most beautiful

• भूत्वा (bhūtvā) - having been, having become

• प्रीत्या (prītyā) - with affection, with love, with pleasure

• प्रोवाच (provāca) - he spoke, he said

• राघवम् (rāghavam) - to Rama, to the descendant of Raghu

Words meanings and morphology

स (sa) - he, that

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

कृत्वा (kṛtvā) - having done, having made, having assumed

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Absolutive form of the root √kṛ (to do, make).

Root: kṛ (class 8)

मानुषम् (mānuṣam) - human, pertaining to humans

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of mānuṣa

mānuṣa - human, manly, pertaining to man

Derived from 'manu' (man).

रूपम् (rūpam) - form, appearance, shape

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of rūpa

rūpa - form, shape, appearance, beauty

सुग्रीवः (sugrīvaḥ) - Sugriva (a proper name)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sugrīva

sugrīva - Sugriva (a proper name, king of the Vanaras)

प्लवगाधिपः (plavagādhipaḥ) - chief of the Vanaras (monkey-like beings) (chief of monkeys, lord of jumpers)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of plavagādhipa

plavagādhipa - chief of monkeys, lord of jumpers

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (plavaga+adhipa)

• plavaga – monkey, jumper, one that leaps
  noun (masculine)
  Compound of 'plava' (leaping) and 'ga' (going).
• adhipa – ruler, lord, chief
  noun (masculine)
  Compound of 'adhi' (over) and √pā (to protect, rule).
  Prefix: adhi
  Root: pā (class 2)

दर्शनीयतमः (darśanīyatamaḥ) - most pleasing to behold, most handsome, most beautiful

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of darśanīyatama

darśanīyatama - most worthy of being seen, most pleasing to the eye, most beautiful

Superlative of Gerundive

Superlative degree (-tama) of 'darśanīya' (worthy of being seen, handsome), which is a gerundive derived from the root √dṛś (to see).

Root: dṛś (class 1)

भूत्वा (bhūtvā) - having been, having become

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Absolutive form of the root √bhū (to be, become).

Root: bhū (class 1)

प्रीत्या (prītyā) - with affection, with love, with pleasure

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of prīti

prīti - affection, love, pleasure, joy, satisfaction

Derived from the root √prī (to please, love).

Root: prī (class 9)

प्रोवाच (provāca) - he spoke, he said

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (liṭ) of provāca

Perfect (lit) Active

3rd person singular perfect active of the root √vac (to speak), prefixed with 'pra'.

Prefix: pra

Root: vac (class 2)

राघवम् (rāghavam) - to Rama, to the descendant of Raghu

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of rāghava

rāghava - descendant of Raghu, Rama

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