वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-3, chapter-37, verse-20

इदं वचो बन्धुहितार्थिना मया यथोच्यमानं यदि नाभिपत्स्यसे ।
सबान्धवस्त्यक्ष्यसि जीवितं रणे हतो ऽद्य रामेण शरैरजिह्मगैः ॥२०॥

20. idaṃ vaco bandhuhitārthinā mayā yathocyamānaṃ yadi nābhipatsyase ,
sabāndhavastyakṣyasi jīvitaṃ raṇe hato'dya rāmeṇa śarairajihmagaiḥ.

20. idam vacaḥ bandhuhitārthinā mayā
yathā ucyamānam yadi na abhipatsyase
sabāndhavaḥ tyakṣyasi jīvitam raṇe
hataḥ adya rāmeṇa śaraiḥ ajihmagaiḥ

20. yadi bandhuhitārthinā mayā yathā
ucyamānam idam vacaḥ na abhipatsyase
sabāndhavaḥ jīvitam tyakṣyasi raṇe
adya rāmeṇa ajihmagaiḥ śaraiḥ hataḥ

20. If you do not accept this advice, spoken by me who desires the welfare of your relatives, then you and your kinsmen will abandon your lives today in battle, slain by Rāma with his unerring arrows.

Words meanings summery:

• इदम् (idam) - this advice (this, here)

• वचः (vacaḥ) - speech, word, advice

• बन्धुहितार्थिना (bandhuhitārthinā) - by one desiring the welfare of relatives

• मया (mayā) - by me

• यथा (yathā) - as, just as, in the manner that

• उच्यमानम् (ucyamānam) - being said, being spoken

• यदि (yadi) - if

• न (na) - not, no

• अभिपत्स्यसे (abhipatsyase) - you will heed/accept (this advice) (you will accept, you will obtain)

• सबान्धवः (sabāndhavaḥ) - you and your kinsmen (with relatives, accompanied by kinsmen)

• त्यक्ष्यसि (tyakṣyasi) - you will lose (your life) (you will abandon, you will give up)

• जीवितम् (jīvitam) - life, existence

• रणे (raṇe) - in battle, in war

• हतः (hataḥ) - slain, killed, struck

• अद्य (adya) - today, now

• रामेण (rāmeṇa) - by Rāma, with Rāma

• शरैः (śaraiḥ) - by arrows, with arrows

• अजिह्मगैः (ajihmagaiḥ) - by straight-flying arrows (by those going straight, unerring)

Words meanings and morphology

इदम् (idam) - this advice (this, here)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this, here

Note: Agrees with 'vacaḥ'.

वचः (vacaḥ) - speech, word, advice

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of vacas

vacas - speech, word, utterance, advice

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Subject of the clause.

बन्धुहितार्थिना (bandhuhitārthinā) - by one desiring the welfare of relatives

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of bandhuhitārthin

bandhuhitārthin - desiring the welfare of relatives/friends

From bandhu (relative) + hita (welfare) + arthin (desiring)

Compound type : bahuvrihi (bandhu+hita+arthin)

• bandhu – relative, kinsman, friend
  noun (masculine)
• hita – welfare, benefit, good; beneficial
  noun (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root dhā (to place) with prefix hi-
  Prefix: hi
  Root: dhā (class 3)
• arthin – desiring, seeker, supplicant
  adjective (masculine)
  From artha (purpose, desire) + -in

Note: Agrees with 'mayā'.

मया (mayā) - by me

(pronoun)

Instrumental, singular of asmad

asmad - I, me

Note: Agent of the passive 'ucyamānam'.

यथा (yathā) - as, just as, in the manner that

(indeclinable)

Note: Qualifies 'ucyamānam'.

उच्यमानम् (ucyamānam) - being said, being spoken

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of ucyamāna

ucyamāna - being spoken, being said

Present Passive Participle

From root vac (to speak) with present passive suffix -māna

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Agrees with 'vacaḥ'.

यदि (yadi) - if

(indeclinable)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

अभिपत्स्यसे (abhipatsyase) - you will heed/accept (this advice) (you will accept, you will obtain)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, middle, future indicative (lṛṭ) of abhipad

Future middle indicative

From root pad (to go) with prefix abhi

Prefix: abhi

Root: pad (class 4)

Note: Used with 'na' for 'will not accept'.

सबान्धवः (sabāndhavaḥ) - you and your kinsmen (with relatives, accompanied by kinsmen)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sabāndhava

sabāndhava - accompanied by relatives/friends

From sa (with) + bāndhava (relative)

Compound type : bahuvrihi (sa+bāndhava)

• sa – with, together with
  indeclinable
• bāndhava – relative, kinsman
  noun (masculine)

Note: Refers to the implied subject 'you' (Rāvaṇa).

त्यक्ष्यसि (tyakṣyasi) - you will lose (your life) (you will abandon, you will give up)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, future indicative (lṛṭ) of tyaj

Future active indicative

Root: tyaj (class 1)

जीवितम् (jīvitam) - life, existence

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of jīvita

jīvita - life, existence

Past Passive Participle

From root jīv (to live)

Root: jīv (class 1)

Note: Object of 'tyakṣyasi'.

रणे (raṇe) - in battle, in war

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of raṇa

raṇa - battle, fight, war, conflict

हतः (hataḥ) - slain, killed, struck

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of hata

hata - slain, killed, struck, destroyed

Past Passive Participle

From root han (to strike, kill)

Root: han (class 2)

Note: Agrees with implied subject 'you' (Rāvaṇa).

अद्य (adya) - today, now

(indeclinable)

रामेण (rāmeṇa) - by Rāma, with Rāma

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of rāma

rāma - Rāma (a proper noun, often referring to the hero of Rāmāyaṇa); pleasing, black

शरैः (śaraiḥ) - by arrows, with arrows

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of śara

śara - arrow, reed

Note: Instrument of action for 'hataḥ'.

अजिह्मगैः (ajihmagaiḥ) - by straight-flying arrows (by those going straight, unerring)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of ajihmaga

ajihmaga - going straight, unerring, not crooked-going

From a- (not) + jihma (crooked) + ga (going)

Compound type : bahuvrihi (a+jihma+ga)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
• jihma – crooked, oblique, dishonest
  adjective (masculine)
• ga – going, moving, moving to
  adjective (masculine)
  From root gam (to go)
  Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'śaraiḥ'.