वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-2, chapter-91, verse-9

तथोक्तो धर्मशीलेन भ्रात्रा तस्य हिते रतः ।
लक्ष्मणः प्रविवेशेव स्वानि गात्राणि लज्जया ॥९॥

9. tathokto dharmaśīlena bhrātrā tasya hite rataḥ ,
lakṣmaṇaḥ praviveśeva svāni gātrāṇi lajjayā.

9. tathā uktaḥ dharmaśīlena bhrātrā tasya hite rataḥ
lakṣmaṇaḥ praviveśa iva svāni gātrāṇi lajjayā

9. dharmaśīlena bhrātrā tasya hite rataḥ lakṣmaṇaḥ tathā uktaḥ (san),
lajjayā svāni gātrāṇi praviveśa iva.

9. Lakṣmaṇa, who was devoted to the welfare of his (Rāma's) brother, thus addressed by his righteous (dharma-śīla) brother, seemed to shrink into his own limbs out of shame.

Words meanings summery:

• तथा (tathā) - thus (thus, so, in that manner)

• उक्तः (uktaḥ) - addressed (by Rama) (said, spoken, addressed)

• धर्मशीलेन (dharmaśīlena) - by the righteous (dharma-śīla) one (referring to Rama) (by one of righteous nature, by the virtuous one)

• भ्रात्रा (bhrātrā) - by the brother (Rama) (by the brother)

• तस्य (tasya) - of his (referring to Rama) (of him, his)

• हिते (hite) - in the welfare (in welfare, in good)

• रतः (rataḥ) - devoted to (devoted to, engaged in, fond of)

• लक्ष्मणः (lakṣmaṇaḥ) - Lakṣmaṇa (Lakṣmaṇa (proper noun))

• प्रविवेश (praviveśa) - he entered (as if, metaphorical) (he entered, he penetrated)

• इव (iva) - as if (like, as, as if)

• स्वानि (svāni) - his own (limbs) (one's own, his own)

• गात्राणि (gātrāṇi) - limbs (limbs, body)

• लज्जया (lajjayā) - out of shame (by shame, with shame, from shame)

Words meanings and morphology

तथा (tathā) - thus (thus, so, in that manner)

(indeclinable)

उक्तः (uktaḥ) - addressed (by Rama) (said, spoken, addressed)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vac

vac - to speak, to say, to tell

Past Passive Participle

formed from root vac (irregular past participle)

Root: vac (class 2)

धर्मशीलेन (dharmaśīlena) - by the righteous (dharma-śīla) one (referring to Rama) (by one of righteous nature, by the virtuous one)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of dharmaśīla

dharmaśīla - of righteous (dharma) disposition/nature, virtuous

compound of dharma and śīla

Compound type : tatpurusha (dharma+śīla)

• dharma – natural law, intrinsic nature, righteousness, duty, virtue, constitution
  noun (masculine)
• śīla – nature, character, habit, conduct, disposition
  noun (neuter)

भ्रात्रा (bhrātrā) - by the brother (Rama) (by the brother)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of bhrātṛ

bhrātṛ - brother

तस्य (tasya) - of his (referring to Rama) (of him, his)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to Rama, the one speaking.

हिते (hite) - in the welfare (in welfare, in good)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of hita

hita - welfare, benefit, good, advantageous

Past Passive Participle (of dhā)

root dhā + kta (irregular formation)

Root: dhā (class 3)

रतः (rataḥ) - devoted to (devoted to, engaged in, fond of)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rata

rata - pleased, delighted, devoted, attached to, engaged in

Past Passive Participle (of ram)

from root ram (to delight, to rest)

Root: ram (class 1)

लक्ष्मणः (lakṣmaṇaḥ) - Lakṣmaṇa (Lakṣmaṇa (proper noun))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of lakṣmaṇa

lakṣmaṇa - Lakṣmaṇa (a proper name, brother of Rama)

प्रविवेश (praviveśa) - he entered (as if, metaphorical) (he entered, he penetrated)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of viś

perfect tense, parasmaipada, 3rd person singular

Prefix: pra

Root: viś (class 6)

इव (iva) - as if (like, as, as if)

(indeclinable)

स्वानि (svāni) - his own (limbs) (one's own, his own)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, plural of sva

sva - one's own, self, own property, kinsman

गात्राणि (gātrāṇi) - limbs (limbs, body)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, plural of gātra

gātra - limb, body, member

Root: gā (class 3)

लज्जया (lajjayā) - out of shame (by shame, with shame, from shame)

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of lajjā

lajjā - shame, bashfulness, modesty

Root: lajj (class 1)

Previous Verse Next Verse