वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-2, chapter-91, verse-6

कथं नु पुत्राः पितरं हन्युः कस्यां चिदापदि ।
भ्राता वा भ्रातरं हन्यात् सौमित्रे प्राणमात्मनः ॥६॥

6. kathaṃ nu putrāḥ pitaraṃ hanyuḥ kasyāṃ cidāpadi ,
bhrātā vā bhrātaraṃ hanyāt saumitre prāṇamātmanaḥ.

6. kathaṃ nu putrāḥ pitaraṃ hanyuḥ kasyāṃ cit āpadi
bhrātā vā bhrātaraṃ hanyāt saumitre prāṇam ātmanaḥ

6. saumitre kasyāṃ cit āpadi putrāḥ pitaraṃ kathaṃ nu
hanyuḥ? vā bhrātā ātmanaḥ prāṇaṃ bhrātaraṃ hanyāt?

6. O son of Sumitrā (Soumitre), how indeed could sons kill their father, or a brother kill his own brother—who is like his very life (ātman)—even in some calamity?

Words meanings summery:

• कथं (kathaṁ) - how (rhetorical question expressing impossibility) (how, in what manner)

• नु (nu) - indeed (emphatic) (indeed, now, but, then, a particle indicating inquiry or ascertainment)

• पुत्राः (putrāḥ) - sons (sons, children)

• पितरं (pitaraṁ) - father

• हन्युः (hanyuḥ) - would kill (would kill, should kill)

• कस्यां (kasyāṁ) - in any (referring to calamity) (in which, in what)

• चित् (cit) - any (indefinite particle) (any, some, even, also)

• आपदि (āpadi) - in calamity, in adversity (in calamity, in distress, in danger)

• भ्राता (bhrātā) - brother

• वा (vā) - or (or, either...or)

• भ्रातरं (bhrātaraṁ) - brother

• हन्यात् (hanyāt) - would kill (would kill, should kill)

• सौमित्रे (saumitre) - O Lakṣmaṇa (son of Sumitrā) (O son of Sumitrā)

• प्राणं (prāṇaṁ) - life (as something very dear) (life, breath, vital air)

• आत्मनः (ātmanaḥ) - of oneself, one's own (referring to the self) (of oneself, of the self, of the ātman)

Words meanings and morphology

कथं (kathaṁ) - how (rhetorical question expressing impossibility) (how, in what manner)

(indeclinable)

नु (nu) - indeed (emphatic) (indeed, now, but, then, a particle indicating inquiry or ascertainment)

(indeclinable)

पुत्राः (putrāḥ) - sons (sons, children)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of putra

putra - son, child, offspring

पितरं (pitaraṁ) - father

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of pitṛ

pitṛ - father, ancestor

हन्युः (hanyuḥ) - would kill (would kill, should kill)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of han

optative mood, parasmaipada, 3rd person plural

Root: han (class 2)

कस्यां (kasyāṁ) - in any (referring to calamity) (in which, in what)

(pronoun)

Locative, feminine, singular of kim

kim - what, which, who, a relative pronoun or interrogative pronoun

चित् (cit) - any (indefinite particle) (any, some, even, also)

(indeclinable)

आपदि (āpadi) - in calamity, in adversity (in calamity, in distress, in danger)

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of āpad

āpad - calamity, misfortune, distress, danger

Prefix: ā

Root: pad (class 4)

भ्राता (bhrātā) - brother

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhrātṛ

bhrātṛ - brother

वा (vā) - or (or, either...or)

(indeclinable)

भ्रातरं (bhrātaraṁ) - brother

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of bhrātṛ

bhrātṛ - brother

हन्यात् (hanyāt) - would kill (would kill, should kill)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of han

optative mood, parasmaipada, 3rd person singular

Root: han (class 2)

सौमित्रे (saumitre) - O Lakṣmaṇa (son of Sumitrā) (O son of Sumitrā)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of saumitri

saumitri - son of Sumitrā, Lakṣmaṇa

प्राणं (prāṇaṁ) - life (as something very dear) (life, breath, vital air)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of prāṇa

prāṇa - breath, life, vital air, spirit

Prefix: pra

Root: an (class 2)

आत्मनः (ātmanaḥ) - of oneself, one's own (referring to the self) (of oneself, of the self, of the ātman)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of ātman

ātman - self, soul, spirit, individual soul, the Supreme Soul, essence

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