वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-2, chapter-91, verse-13

स एष सुमहाकायः कम्पते वाहिनीमुखे ।
नागः शत्रुंजयो नाम वृद्धस्तातस्य धीमतः ॥१३॥

13. sa eṣa sumahākāyaḥ kampate vāhinīmukhe ,
nāgaḥ śatruṃjayo nāma vṛddhastātasya dhīmataḥ.

13. sa eṣa sumahākāyaḥ kampate vāhinī mukhe nāgaḥ
śatruñjayaḥ nāma vṛddhaḥ tātasya dhīmataḥ

13. sa eṣaḥ sumahākāyaḥ nāma śatruñjayaḥ nāgaḥ vṛddhaḥ dhīmataḥ tātasya,
vāhinī mukhe kampate

13. This is that elephant of immense body, named Śatruñjaya, who is old and belongs to my wise father; he trembles at the head of the army.

Words meanings summery:

• स (sa) - that (one), this (that, he)

• एष (eṣa) - this (one), this (this, he)

• सुमहाकायः (sumahākāyaḥ) - of immense body (of very large body, immense-bodied)

• कम्पते (kampate) - he trembles (he trembles, shakes)

• वाहिनी (vāhinī) - army (army, host, river)

• मुखे (mukhe) - at the head/front (of the army) (in the mouth, at the front, at the head)

• नागः (nāgaḥ) - elephant (snake, elephant, mountain)

• शत्रुञ्जयः (śatruñjayaḥ) - Shatruñjaya (name of the elephant) (conqueror of enemies, Shatrunjaya (proper name))

• नाम (nāma) - by name (indicating the name of the elephant) (name, by name, indeed)

• वृद्धः (vṛddhaḥ) - old (referring to the elephant) (old, aged, grown, increased, great)

• तातस्य (tātasya) - of my father (Dasaratha) (of the father)

• धीमतः (dhīmataḥ) - of the wise (father) (of the wise, intelligent, sagacious)

Words meanings and morphology

स (sa) - that (one), this (that, he)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that

Demonstrative pronoun, nominative singular masculine

Note: Refers to the elephant.

एष (eṣa) - this (one), this (this, he)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of etad

etad - this

Demonstrative pronoun, nominative singular masculine

Note: Refers to the elephant.

सुमहाकायः (sumahākāyaḥ) - of immense body (of very large body, immense-bodied)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sumahākāya

sumahākāya - of very large body, immense-bodied

Prefix su- (very) + mahā (great) + kāya (body)

Compound type : Bahuvrīhi (su+mahā+kāya)

• su – good, well, very
  indeclinable
  Prefix
• mahā – great, large
  adjective
• kāya – body
  noun (masculine)

कम्पते (kampate) - he trembles (he trembles, shakes)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (Laṭ) of kamp

Present middle

From root √kamp, 3rd person singular

Root: kamp (class 1)

Note: Subject is 'nāgaḥ'.

वाहिनी (vāhinī) - army (army, host, river)

(noun)

feminine of vāhinī

vāhinī - army, host, river, stream

From √vah (to carry, lead)

Root: vah (class 1)

Note: Compound with 'mukha'.

मुखे (mukhe) - at the head/front (of the army) (in the mouth, at the front, at the head)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of mukha

mukha - mouth, face, front, head, commencement

Note: Refers to the vanguard of the army.

नागः (nāgaḥ) - elephant (snake, elephant, mountain)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nāga

nāga - snake, serpent, elephant, mountain

शत्रुञ्जयः (śatruñjayaḥ) - Shatruñjaya (name of the elephant) (conqueror of enemies, Shatrunjaya (proper name))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śatruñjaya

śatruñjaya - conqueror of enemies, a proper name

Compound of śatru (enemy) + √ji (to conquer)

Compound type : Tatpuruṣa (śatru+jaya)

• śatru – enemy
  noun (masculine)
• jaya – victory, conquest, conqueror
  noun (masculine)
  From root √ji (to conquer)
  Root: ji (class 1)

नाम (nāma) - by name (indicating the name of the elephant) (name, by name, indeed)

(indeclinable)

Adverbial use of 'nāman'

वृद्धः (vṛddhaḥ) - old (referring to the elephant) (old, aged, grown, increased, great)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vṛddha

vṛddha - old, aged, grown, increased, great

Past Passive Participle

From root √vṛdh (to grow, increase)

Root: vṛdh (class 1)

Note: Functions as a predicative adjective for the elephant.

तातस्य (tātasya) - of my father (Dasaratha) (of the father)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tāta

tāta - father, respected elder, a term of endearment

धीमतः (dhīmataḥ) - of the wise (father) (of the wise, intelligent, sagacious)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of dhīmat

dhīmat - wise, intelligent, sagacious

Possessive suffix -mat from dhī (intellect)

Previous Verse Next Verse