वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-2, chapter-91, verse-2

किमत्र धनुषा कार्यमसिना वा सचर्मणा ।
महेष्वासे महाप्राज्ञे भरते स्वयमागते ॥२॥

2. kimatra dhanuṣā kāryamasinā vā sacarmaṇā ,
maheṣvāse mahāprājñe bharate svayamāgate.

2. kim atra dhanuṣā kāryam asinā vā sa-carmaṇā |
mahā-iṣvāse mahā-prājñe bharate svayam āgate

2. kim kāryam atra dhanuṣā vā sa-carmaṇā asinā (yadā)
mahā-iṣvāse mahā-prājñe bharate svayam āgate

2. What is the use of a bow here, or a sword with its shield, when Bharata himself, the great archer and highly intelligent one, has arrived?

Words meanings summery:

• किम् (kim) - what is the purpose (what, why, how)

• अत्र (atra) - here, in this place, on this occasion

• धनुषा (dhanuṣā) - by a bow

• कार्यम् (kāryam) - purpose, use (to be done, duty, purpose)

• असिना (asinā) - by a sword

• वा (vā) - or (or, either, and)

• स-चर्मणा (sa-carmaṇā) - with a shield

• महा-इष्वासे (mahā-iṣvāse) - in/to the great archer

• महा-प्राज्ञे (mahā-prājñe) - in/to the very intelligent one

• भरते (bharate) - in/to Bharata

• स्वयम् (svayam) - oneself, personally

• आगते (āgate) - when he has arrived (having arrived, upon arrival)

Words meanings and morphology

किम् (kim) - what is the purpose (what, why, how)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kim

kim - what, which, why

अत्र (atra) - here, in this place, on this occasion

(indeclinable)

Locative sense from 'idam' (this)

धनुषा (dhanuṣā) - by a bow

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of dhanus

dhanus - bow, arc

कार्यम् (kāryam) - purpose, use (to be done, duty, purpose)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kārya

kārya - to be done, to be made, work, duty, purpose, effect

Gerundive

Derived from root kṛ (to do, make) with suffix -ya

Root: kṛ (class 8)

असिना (asinā) - by a sword

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of asi

asi - sword, scimitar

वा (vā) - or (or, either, and)

(indeclinable)

स-चर्मणा (sa-carmaṇā) - with a shield

(adjective)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of sa-carman

sa-carman - with a shield

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (sa+carman)

• sa – with, together with
  indeclinable
  Prefix indicating accompaniment
• carman – skin, hide, shield
  noun (neuter)

महा-इष्वासे (mahā-iṣvāse) - in/to the great archer

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of mahā-iṣvāsa

mahā-iṣvāsa - great archer, one whose arrows are great

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahā+iṣvāsa)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• iṣvāsa – archer, bow-shooting
  noun (masculine)

महा-प्राज्ञे (mahā-prājñe) - in/to the very intelligent one

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of mahā-prājña

mahā-prājña - very wise, highly intelligent

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+prājña)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• prājña – wise, intelligent, knowing
  adjective (masculine)

भरते (bharate) - in/to Bharata

(proper noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of bharata

bharata - Bharata (proper name), cherished, maintained

स्वयम् (svayam) - oneself, personally

(indeclinable)

आगते (āgate) - when he has arrived (having arrived, upon arrival)

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of āgata

āgata - arrived, come, returned

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root 'gam' (to go) with prefix 'ā' (to, towards)

Prefix: ā

Root: gam (class 1)

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