वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-1, chapter-24, verse-4

पूर्वमासीन्महायक्षः सुकेतुर्नाम वीर्यवान् ।
अनपत्यः शुभाचारः स च तेपे महत्तपः ॥४॥

4. pūrvamāsīnmahāyakṣaḥ suketurnāma vīryavān ,
anapatyaḥ śubhācāraḥ sa ca tepe mahattapaḥ.

4. pūrvam āsīt mahāyakṣaḥ suketuḥ nāma vīryavān
anapatyaḥ śubhācāraḥ saḥ ca tepe mahat tapaḥ

4. pūrvam vīryavān śubhācāraḥ anapatyaḥ suketuḥ
nāma mahāyakṣaḥ āsīt saḥ ca mahat tapaḥ tepe

4. Previously, there was a powerful great Yakṣa named Suketu. He was childless and of excellent conduct, and he performed great austerities (tapas).

Words meanings summery:

• पूर्वम् (pūrvam) - formerly, previously, before

• आसीत् (āsīt) - was, existed

• महायक्षः (mahāyakṣaḥ) - a great Yakṣa

• सुकेतुः (suketuḥ) - Suketu (a proper name)

• नाम (nāma) - by name, named

• वीर्यवान् (vīryavān) - powerful, valorous, strong

• अनपत्यः (anapatyaḥ) - childless, without offspring

• शुभाचारः (śubhācāraḥ) - of good conduct, virtuous

• सः (saḥ) - he, that

• च (ca) - and, also

• तेपे (tepe) - performed (austerities), heated oneself, practiced

• महत् (mahat) - great, mighty, large

• तपः (tapaḥ) - austerity, penance, spiritual discipline

Words meanings and morphology

पूर्वम् (pūrvam) - formerly, previously, before

(indeclinable)

Note: Here functions as an adverbial accusative.

आसीत् (āsīt) - was, existed

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect past (laṅ) of as

Root: as (class 2)

महायक्षः (mahāyakṣaḥ) - a great Yakṣa

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahāyakṣa

mahāyakṣa - great Yakṣa

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+yakṣa)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• yakṣa – a class of benevolent nature-spirits, guardians of wealth
  noun (masculine)

सुकेतुः (suketuḥ) - Suketu (a proper name)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of suketu

suketu - having a good banner, a proper name

नाम (nāma) - by name, named

(indeclinable)

Note: Used here adverbially.

वीर्यवान् (vīryavān) - powerful, valorous, strong

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vīryavat

vīryavat - possessing valor, powerful, mighty

possessive suffix -vat

अनपत्यः (anapatyaḥ) - childless, without offspring

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of anapatya

anapatya - childless, without offspring

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (an+apatya)

• an – not, un-, without
  prefix
• apatya – offspring, child
  noun (neuter)

शुभाचारः (śubhācāraḥ) - of good conduct, virtuous

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śubhācāra

śubhācāra - of good conduct

Compound type : karmadhāraya (śubha+ācāra)

• śubha – beautiful, auspicious, good
  adjective
• ācāra – conduct, custom, behavior
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: ā
  Root: car (class 1)

सः (saḥ) - he, that

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

तेपे (tepe) - performed (austerities), heated oneself, practiced

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, perfect past (lit) of tap

Root: tap (class 1)

Note: Ātmanepada form of the perfect tense.

महत् (mahat) - great, mighty, large

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of mahat

mahat - great, large, important

Note: Agrees with tapaḥ.

तपः (tapaḥ) - austerity, penance, spiritual discipline

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tapas

tapas - austerity, penance, heat, spiritual discipline

Root: tap (class 1)

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