मार्कण्डेय-पुराणम्
mārkaṇḍeya-purāṇam
-
chapter-13, verse-9
पुरुषः स तदा दृष्ट्वा यातनाशतसंकुलम् ।
नरकं प्राह तं याम्यं किङ्करं कृपयान्वितः ॥९॥
नरकं प्राह तं याम्यं किङ्करं कृपयान्वितः ॥९॥
9. puruṣaḥ sa tadā dṛṣṭvā yātanāśatasaṃkulam .
narakaṃ prāha taṃ yāmyaṃ kiṅkaraṃ kṛpayānvitaḥ.
narakaṃ prāha taṃ yāmyaṃ kiṅkaraṃ kṛpayānvitaḥ.
9.
puruṣaḥ sa tadā dṛṣṭvā yātanā-śata-saṅkulam
narakam prāha tam yāmyam kiṅkaram kṛpayā-anvitaḥ
narakam prāha tam yāmyam kiṅkaram kṛpayā-anvitaḥ
9.
Then, that man (puruṣa), filled with compassion, after seeing hell crowded with hundreds of tortures, spoke to that attendant of Yama.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- पुरुषः (puruṣaḥ) - the man (puruṣa) who was just brought to hell (man, person, being (puruṣa))
- स (sa) - referring to the man (puruṣa) (he, that)
- तदा (tadā) - then, at that time
- दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen, after seeing
- यातना-शत-सङ्कुलम् (yātanā-śata-saṅkulam) - filled/crowded with hundreds of tortures
- नरकम् (narakam) - hell, underworld
- प्राह (prāha) - said, spoke
- तम् (tam) - to the Yama's attendant (to him, that)
- याम्यम् (yāmyam) - Yama's, belonging to Yama
- किङ्करम् (kiṅkaram) - servant, attendant
- कृपया-अन्वितः (kṛpayā-anvitaḥ) - endowed with compassion, filled with pity
Words meanings and morphology
पुरुषः (puruṣaḥ) - the man (puruṣa) who was just brought to hell (man, person, being (puruṣa))
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of puruṣa
puruṣa - man, male, human being, person, soul (puruṣa)
Note: Subject of 'prāha'.
स (sa) - referring to the man (puruṣa) (he, that)
(pronoun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of tad
tad - that, he, she, it
Note: Agrees with 'puruṣaḥ'.
तदा (tadā) - then, at that time
(indeclinable)
Adverbial formation from 'tad'.
दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen, after seeing
(indeclinable)
Absolutive (Gerund)
From √dṛś (class 1), with suffix 'ktvā'.
Root: dṛś (class 1)
Note: Indicates an action completed before the main verb 'prāha'.
यातना-शत-सङ्कुलम् (yātanā-śata-saṅkulam) - filled/crowded with hundreds of tortures
(adjective)
Accusative, neuter, singular of yātanā-śata-saṅkula
yātanā-śata-saṅkula - crowded with hundreds of torments
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (yātanā+śata+saṅkula)
- yātanā – torture, torment, pain
noun (feminine)
Derived from √yat 'to strive, inflict'.
Root: yat (class 1) - śata – hundred
noun (neuter) - saṅkula – crowded, filled, mixed, confused
adjective (neuter)
Past Passive Participle
From √kul 'to collect, to heap' with prefix sam.
Prefix: sam
Root: kul (class 1)
Note: Agrees with 'narakam'.
नरकम् (narakam) - hell, underworld
(noun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of naraka
naraka - hell, infernal region, underworld
Note: Object of 'dṛṣṭvā'.
प्राह (prāha) - said, spoke
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of prahā
Perfect Active
Perfect 3rd person singular of √ah (to say) with prefix pra.
Prefix: pra
Root: ah
तम् (tam) - to the Yama's attendant (to him, that)
(pronoun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of tad
tad - that, he, she, it
Note: Object of 'prāha', refers to 'yāmyam kiṅkaram'.
याम्यम् (yāmyam) - Yama's, belonging to Yama
(adjective)
Accusative, masculine, singular of yāmya
yāmya - relating to Yama, southern
Derived from Yama.
Note: Agrees with 'kiṅkaram'.
किङ्करम् (kiṅkaram) - servant, attendant
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of kiṅkara
kiṅkara - servant, attendant, slave
From 'kim' (what?) + 'kṛ' (to do) + suffix; one who asks 'what should I do?'
Root: kṛ (class 8)
Note: Object of 'prāha'.
कृपया-अन्वितः (kṛpayā-anvitaḥ) - endowed with compassion, filled with pity
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of kṛpayā-anvita
kṛpayā-anvita - accompanied by compassion, compassionate
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kṛpā+anvita)
- kṛpā – compassion, pity, mercy
noun (feminine) - anvita – accompanied, endowed with, possessed of
adjective (masculine)
Past Passive Participle
From √i 'to go' with prefix anu and suffix kta.
Prefix: anu
Root: i (class 2)
Note: Agrees with 'puruṣaḥ'.