मार्कण्डेय-पुराणम्
mārkaṇḍeya-purāṇam
-
chapter-13, verse-17
तस्माद् दैवे च पित्र्ये च नित्यमेवोद्यतोऽभवम् ।
सोऽहं कथमिमं प्राप्तो नरङ्क भृशदारुणम् ॥१७॥
सोऽहं कथमिमं प्राप्तो नरङ्क भृशदारुणम् ॥१७॥
17. tasmād daive ca pitrye ca nityamevodyato'bhavam .
so'haṃ kathamimaṃ prāpto naraṅka bhṛśadāruṇam.
so'haṃ kathamimaṃ prāpto naraṅka bhṛśadāruṇam.
17.
tasmāt daive ca pitrye ca nityam eva udyataḥ abhavam
saḥ aham katham imam prāptaḥ narakam bhṛśa-dāruṇam
saḥ aham katham imam prāptaḥ narakam bhṛśa-dāruṇam
17.
Therefore, I was always diligent in both my duties to the deities and to the ancestors. How then did I, such a person, come to this exceedingly dreadful hell?
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore, from that
- दैवे (daive) - in my duties to the deities (in divine matters/duties)
- च (ca) - and, also
- पित्र्ये (pitrye) - in my duties to the ancestors (in ancestral matters/duties)
- च (ca) - and, also
- नित्यम् (nityam) - always, constantly, eternally
- एव (eva) - indeed, only, just, very
- उद्यतः (udyataḥ) - diligent, prepared, engaged, ready
- अभवम् (abhavam) - I was, I became
- सः (saḥ) - that very person (referring to the speaker) (that, he)
- अहम् (aham) - I
- कथम् (katham) - how, in what manner
- इमम् (imam) - this
- प्राप्तः (prāptaḥ) - reached, attained, obtained
- नरकम् (narakam) - hell, Hades, a place of torment
- भृश-दारुणम् (bhṛśa-dāruṇam) - very dreadful/terrible
Words meanings and morphology
तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore, from that
(indeclinable)
दैवे (daive) - in my duties to the deities (in divine matters/duties)
(adjective)
Locative, neuter, singular of daiva
daiva - divine, celestial, relating to deities, providential
Derived from 'deva' (deity)
च (ca) - and, also
(indeclinable)
पित्र्ये (pitrye) - in my duties to the ancestors (in ancestral matters/duties)
(adjective)
Locative, neuter, singular of pitrya
pitrya - ancestral, pertaining to ancestors, relating to the father
Derived from 'pitṛ' (ancestor/father)
च (ca) - and, also
(indeclinable)
नित्यम् (nityam) - always, constantly, eternally
(indeclinable)
Note: Used as an adverb here.
एव (eva) - indeed, only, just, very
(indeclinable)
उद्यतः (udyataḥ) - diligent, prepared, engaged, ready
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of udyata
udyata - ready, prepared, active, diligent, engaged
Past Passive Participle
From upasarga 'ud' + root 'yam' (to restrain, hold, lift)
Prefix: ud
Root: yam (class 1)
अभवम् (abhavam) - I was, I became
(verb)
1st person , singular, active, imperfect (laṅ) of bhū
Root: bhū (class 1)
सः (saḥ) - that very person (referring to the speaker) (that, he)
(pronoun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of tad
tad - that, he, she, it
अहम् (aham) - I
(pronoun)
Nominative, singular of asmad
asmad - I, we
कथम् (katham) - how, in what manner
(indeclinable)
इमम् (imam) - this
(pronoun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of idam
idam - this, this one
प्राप्तः (prāptaḥ) - reached, attained, obtained
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of prāpta
prāpta - reached, attained, obtained, arrived, met with
Past Passive Participle
From upasarga 'pra' + root 'āp' (to obtain, reach)
Prefix: pra
Root: āp (class 5)
नरकम् (narakam) - hell, Hades, a place of torment
(noun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of naraka
naraka - hell, Hades, a place of torment
भृश-दारुणम् (bhṛśa-dāruṇam) - very dreadful/terrible
(adjective)
Accusative, neuter, singular of bhṛśa-dāruṇa
bhṛśa-dāruṇa - very dreadful, exceedingly terrible
Compound type : karmadharaya (bhṛśa+dāruṇa)
- bhṛśa – much, very, excessively
indeclinable - dāruṇa – dreadful, terrible, fierce, cruel
adjective