मार्कण्डेय-पुराणम्
mārkaṇḍeya-purāṇam
-
chapter-13, verse-12
यज्ञैर्मयेष्टं बहुभिर्धर्मतः पालिता मही ।
नोत्सृष्टश्चैव संग्रामो नातिथिर्विमुखो गतः ॥१२॥
नोत्सृष्टश्चैव संग्रामो नातिथिर्विमुखो गतः ॥१२॥
12. yajñairmayeṣṭaṃ bahubhirdharmataḥ pālitā mahī .
notsṛṣṭaścaiva saṃgrāmo nātithirvimukho gataḥ.
notsṛṣṭaścaiva saṃgrāmo nātithirvimukho gataḥ.
12.
yajñaiḥ mayā iṣṭam bahubhiḥ dharmataḥ pālitā mahī na
utsṛṣṭaḥ ca eva saṃgrāmaḥ na atithiḥ vimukhaḥ gataḥ
utsṛṣṭaḥ ca eva saṃgrāmaḥ na atithiḥ vimukhaḥ gataḥ
12.
Many Vedic rituals (yajña) have been performed by me, and the earth has been protected in accordance with natural law (dharma). No battle has ever been abandoned, nor has any guest ever been turned away disappointed.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- यज्ञैः (yajñaiḥ) - by many sacrifices (yajña) (by sacrifices, with offerings)
- मया (mayā) - by me (the speaker) (by me)
- इष्टम् (iṣṭam) - performed (sacrifices) (sacrificed, worshipped, desired, performed (a ritual))
- बहुभिः (bahubhiḥ) - by many (sacrifices) (by many, with many)
- धर्मतः (dharmataḥ) - in accordance with natural law (dharma) (according to dharma (natural law/constitution), religiously, justly)
- पालिता (pālitā) - protected (protected, guarded, preserved)
- मही (mahī) - the earth (as a kingdom) (earth, land, ground)
- न (na) - not (not, no)
- उत्सृष्टः (utsṛṣṭaḥ) - abandoned (battle) (abandoned, given up, released, discharged)
- च (ca) - and (and, also, moreover)
- एव (eva) - ever (emphasizing the negation) (only, just, indeed, certainly, even)
- संग्रामः (saṁgrāmaḥ) - battle (battle, war, combat)
- न (na) - nor (not, no)
- अतिथिः (atithiḥ) - guest (guest, visitor, stranger)
- विमुखः (vimukhaḥ) - turned away disappointed (with averted face, disappointed, turned away, disheartened)
- गतः (gataḥ) - gone away (gone, departed, reached, attained)
Words meanings and morphology
यज्ञैः (yajñaiḥ) - by many sacrifices (yajña) (by sacrifices, with offerings)
(noun)
Instrumental, masculine, plural of yajña
yajña - sacrifice, offering, ritual
From root √yaj (to sacrifice, to worship).
Root: yaj (class 1)
मया (mayā) - by me (the speaker) (by me)
(pronoun)
Instrumental, singular of asmad
asmad - I, we
Note: Agent of the passive constructions 'iṣṭam' (performed) and 'pālitā' (protected).
इष्टम् (iṣṭam) - performed (sacrifices) (sacrificed, worshipped, desired, performed (a ritual))
(adjective)
Nominative, neuter, singular of iṣṭa
iṣṭa - sacrificed, worshipped, desired, performed
Past Passive Participle
Derived from root √yaj (to sacrifice, to worship) with suffix -ta, undergoes irregular sandhi.
Root: yaj (class 1)
Note: The word 'iṣṭam' is nominative singular neuter, serving as predicate for an implied 'that' or 'it' (the collection of acts of sacrifice). It semantically relates to 'yajñaiḥ' (by sacrifices) as in 'sacrifices have been performed'.
बहुभिः (bahubhiḥ) - by many (sacrifices) (by many, with many)
(adjective)
Instrumental, masculine, plural of bahu
bahu - many, much, numerous
धर्मतः (dharmataḥ) - in accordance with natural law (dharma) (according to dharma (natural law/constitution), religiously, justly)
(indeclinable)
Adverbial formation from dharma with suffix -tas.
Root: dhṛ (class 1)
पालिता (pālitā) - protected (protected, guarded, preserved)
(adjective)
Nominative, feminine, singular of pālitā
pālitā - protected, guarded, preserved
Past Passive Participle
Derived from root √pāl (to protect) with suffix -ta.
Root: pāl (class 10)
मही (mahī) - the earth (as a kingdom) (earth, land, ground)
(noun)
Nominative, feminine, singular of mahī
mahī - earth, land, ground, great
Note: Subject of the passive participle 'pālitā'.
न (na) - not (not, no)
(indeclinable)
उत्सृष्टः (utsṛṣṭaḥ) - abandoned (battle) (abandoned, given up, released, discharged)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of utsṛṣṭa
utsṛṣṭa - abandoned, given up, released
Past Passive Participle
Derived from root √sṛj (to release, create) with prefix ut-.
Prefix: ut
Root: sṛj (class 6)
Note: Implied 'was'.
च (ca) - and (and, also, moreover)
(indeclinable)
Note: Connects clauses.
एव (eva) - ever (emphasizing the negation) (only, just, indeed, certainly, even)
(indeclinable)
संग्रामः (saṁgrāmaḥ) - battle (battle, war, combat)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of saṃgrāma
saṁgrāma - battle, war, combat
From prefix sam- and root √gram (to go) - (to go together, to meet in conflict).
Prefix: sam
Root: gram (class 1)
Note: Subject of the passive participle 'utsṛṣṭaḥ'.
न (na) - nor (not, no)
(indeclinable)
अतिथिः (atithiḥ) - guest (guest, visitor, stranger)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of atithi
atithi - guest, visitor, stranger
Note: Subject of the verb 'gataḥ'.
विमुखः (vimukhaḥ) - turned away disappointed (with averted face, disappointed, turned away, disheartened)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of vimukha
vimukha - with averted face, disappointed, turned away, disheartened
From prefix vi- and mukha (face).
Compound type : bahuvrihi (vi+mukha)
- vi – apart, away, without
indeclinable - mukha – face, mouth, front
noun (neuter)
Note: Agrees with 'atithiḥ'.
गतः (gataḥ) - gone away (gone, departed, reached, attained)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of gata
gata - gone, departed, reached, attained
Past Passive Participle
Derived from root √gam (to go) with suffix -ta.
Root: gam (class 1)
Note: In the sense of 'has gone'.